Week 3 Flashcards
What is the universe of discourse?
the world that the speaker assumes as background for his or her utterance (real or imaginary)
What is the context of utterance?
facts known by both speaker and hearer about the context
The context of utterance is…
a part of the universe of discourse
Name the 3 types of reference
definite, indefinite and deictic
What does definite reference refer to?
a particular entity for both speaker and hearer
Give examples of definite reference
NPs with definite article/demonstrative, proper nouns, personal pronouns, and possessives
New referents normally introduced to the discourse are indefinite or definite?
indefinite - become definite later
What does indefinite reference refer to?
no particular referent in mind, or referent in mind but does not expect hearer to identify it
Generic sentences are…
statements about an entire class of individuals - these do not refer
Name the 3 types of deixis
person, spatial (location), and temporal (time)
Which personal pronouns are always deitic?
1st and 2nd pronouns
3rd person pronouns can be…
deictic or non-deictic
When the referent is introduced and then referred to as ‘her’, what is this an example of?
anaphora (anaphoric)
Temporal deixis refers to…
points in time relevant to the time of current speech e.g. yesterday/this week, not 20th May
Spatial deixis refers to…
locations relevant to the location of current speech e.g. here/there, not Manchester
