Week 3 Flashcards
Physical Assessment and Pain Assessment
IPPA stands for
Inspection
Palpation
Percussion
Auscultation
bilateral comparison means
comparing both sides of the body
what body part do you use when assessing for palpation
use hands/fingers - Dorsal of hands for temp
T or F assess painful areas last
True
how to position hand when assessing for palpation
making sure hands and wrist are parallel to the body
what is crepitation
abnormal grating or crunching sounds/felt over joints
vibration is when
you feel quivering or shaking over the lungs
what is pulsatility
abnormal pulsation felt over heart (aka thrills)
how to do indirect percussion technique
use non dominant finger over their body surface, tapping it with your dominant fingers
What type of sound should be heard over bones
Flatness
What type of sound should be heard over dense organs (spleens,liver,heart)
dullness
What type of sound should be heard over adult lungs
resonance
What type of sound should be heard over child lungs
hyperresonance
What type of sound should be heard over abnomical areas (stomach, intestines)
tympany
in some cases when abdomen is full what sound does it create
dullness
do you use diaphragm or bell when listening to high pitched sounds
diaphragm
do you use diaphragm or bell when listening to low pitch sounds
bell
What type of pain: short term in duration and often caused by something specific. subsides when cause is resolved
Acute pain
What type of pain: persistent pain for 3-6 months.
chronic pain
secondary chronic pain is
pain caused by a disease/condition/treatment
primary chronic pain is
pain that is poorly misunderstood and cant be accounted by another cause or disease
fibromyalgia is what type of condition
chronic condition that cause pain, fatigue, discomfort over the body
What type of pain: pain felt from a diff site of the origin
referred pain
What type of pain: pain from unknown origin, no obvious pathology
idiopathic pain
What type of pain: altered nociception, unclear evidence of actual tissue damage
Nociplastic pain
What type of pain: sensitive to touch and temp caused by lesion/disease of somatosensory nervous system
neuropathic pain
What type of pain: involves noxious stimulus that activates nociceptors (aka pain receptors)
nociceptive pain
somatic pain
pain originating from peripheral tissues
visceral pain
pain originating from inside the organs
dimension of pain includes
subjective
physiological
behavioural
cognition
psychological and social
reactive
choice of pain assessment tools depend on
reason for assessment
developmental stage
health status
institution/unit
culture
PQRSTU mnemonic
Proactive & Palliative
quantity & quality
region & radiation
severity
timing & treatment
understanding
learn how to use abbey pain scale
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/26874962/figure/fig1/AS:202895204065280@1425385395123/Abbey-Pain-Scale-From-Abbey-J-et-al-The-Abbey-pain-scale-a-1-minute-numerical.png
angina
chest pain due to reduced blood flow to heart
sepsis
body reaction to infection where it damage its own organs and tissues
erythema
redness of skin caused by increased blood flow to area
opioids are used for
pain management
P in PQRSTU
what makes it better and worse
Q in PQRSTU
what does it feel like and how bad is it
R in PQRSTU
where do you feel the pain and does it radiate
S in PQRSTU
rate pain in 0-10
T in PQRSTU
when did it start and if any treatments were done
U in PQRSTU
what is your understanding of this pain
anterior/ventral
front
posterios/dorsal
back side
medial
midline of the body
lateral
away from mid line, more on side
proximal
nearest to trunk/center of the body
distal
away from trunk of body
inferior
near feet
superior
near head
superficial
closer to surface
deep
further away from surface
cranial
near head/skull
caudal
towards tailbone/lower body
what is tangential lighting
using penlight at low angle and to one side of the are when inspecting
diaphoresis is the condition of
excessive perspiration
subcutaneous crepitus
when air is trapped in tissues
tactile fremitus
quivering/shaking motion felt over lungs
what sound do you hear when doing percussion assessment that may indicate a mass
flatness
ischemia
deficit of oxygen in tissues
pulmonary embolism
blood clot travels from blood vessel to lungs, blocks an artery
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
A condition caused by pressure on the median nerve in the wrist, leading to pain, numbness, and tingling in the hand.
Multiple Sclerosis
An autoimmune disease affecting the nervous system, often causing pain, muscle weakness, and fatigue.
Herpes Simplex Virus
A viral infection that can cause painful sores, typically around the mouth or genital area.
Varicella-Zoster Virus (Shingles)
A reactivation of the chickenpox virus, causing painful, blistering rashes, often on one side of the body.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
A digestive disorder causing abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in bowel movements.
