Week 3 Flashcards
What are the four components of Attention Restoration Theory (ART)?
Being away, fascination, extent, and compatibility.
How does ‘being away’ contribute to psychological restoration?
‘Being away’ refers to escaping from routine environments to experience mental respite.
What are the social benefits of participating in environmental volunteer activities?
They include building community connections, fostering a sense of purpose, and promoting teamwork.
How does hands-on engagement with nature influence environmental attitudes?
It strengthens personal connections to the environment, enhancing pro-environmental behaviors.
What did Ulrich’s study reveal about hospital patients with a view of nature?
Patients with a view of nature recovered faster, required fewer painkillers, and experienced less stress.
What is an example of integrating natural views in healthcare design?
Hospitals incorporating gardens and large windows to provide patients with restorative views.
How does city living affect the brain’s stress regulation systems?
Urban environments increase activity in the amygdala, heightening sensitivity to social stressors.
What neural differences are observed in individuals raised in urban areas?
Greater activity in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), associated with social stress regulation.
How does exposure to nature promote prosocial behavior?
Nature induces feelings of awe, reducing self-focus and increasing altruism toward others.
What is self-transcendence, and how does nature influence it?
Self-transcendence is a shift from self-centeredness to connectedness with others, often triggered by nature’s vastness.
What are the key findings of the study on views of nature and health?
Residents with views of nature reported better mental health, lower stress levels, and increased satisfaction.
How do natural views impact workplace productivity?
Employees with natural views exhibit higher focus, creativity, and job satisfaction.
What factors determine preferences for restorative natural settings?
Factors include perceived tranquility, accessibility, and the presence of water or greenery.
How do individual differences affect preferences for nature?
Individuals with higher stress levels are more likely to prefer immersive and serene natural environments.
What is the role of ‘fascination’ in Attention Restoration Theory (ART)?
‘Fascination’ involves effortless attention to interesting stimuli, allowing cognitive recovery from directed attention fatigue.
How does ‘compatibility’ enhance restorative experiences in nature?
‘Compatibility’ refers to the alignment between the environment and an individual’s goals or needs, facilitating ease and comfort.
What is an example of ‘being away’ in restorative environments?
A weekend retreat to a remote cabin in the woods helps individuals escape urban stressors.
What psychological benefits arise from environmental volunteerism?
Increased self-esteem, reduced anxiety, and a sense of accomplishment through meaningful contributions to nature.
How does environmental volunteer work influence community resilience?
It builds trust, fosters collaboration, and creates a shared sense of responsibility for local ecosystems.
How do urban views compare to natural views in healthcare outcomes?
Patients with urban views reported slower recovery and higher stress levels compared to those with natural views.
What hospital design features can enhance patient recovery through natural views?
Incorporating large windows, rooftop gardens, and healing landscapes into healthcare facilities.
What practical interventions can mitigate urban stress impacts on the brain?
Increasing access to green spaces, promoting walkability, and designing quieter neighborhoods.
What does the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) do in response to urban stress?
It regulates emotional responses to social stress, but heightened activity in urban residents suggests increased vulnerability.
How does awe in nature lead to prosocial behaviors?
Experiencing awe reduces self-focus and fosters a sense of interconnectedness, encouraging altruism.
What is an example of self-transcendence through nature?
Hiking in a vast national park can evoke feelings of being part of a larger ecosystem, reducing self-centeredness.
How does access to natural views impact long-term health outcomes?
Consistent exposure to nature is linked to lower rates of chronic illnesses and better cardiovascular health.
What workplace interventions use natural views to boost productivity?
Designing office spaces with floor-to-ceiling windows and integrating indoor plants for natural stimulation.
Why are water features often preferred in restorative natural settings?
Water provides visual and auditory stimuli that are inherently calming and draw fascination effortlessly.
How do urban residents’ preferences for nature differ from rural residents’?
Urban residents often prioritize accessible, well-maintained parks, while rural residents value wild, untouched landscapes.
What is an example of ‘being away’ in restorative environments?
A weekend retreat to a remote cabin in the woods helps individuals escape urban stressors.
What is an example of psychological benefits from environmental volunteerism?
Local clean-up drives or tree planting events boost self-esteem and reduce anxiety.
What is an example of hospital design incorporating nature for recovery?
Hospitals using large windows, rooftop gardens, and healing landscapes to enhance patient recovery.
What is an intervention to mitigate urban stress on the brain?
Designing quieter neighborhoods with increased access to green spaces reduces stress impacts.
What is an example of self-transcendence through nature?
Hiking in a vast national park evokes feelings of being part of a larger ecosystem.
What is a workplace intervention using natural views to boost productivity?
Office spaces with floor-to-ceiling windows and indoor plants enhance productivity and reduce stress.
What restorative settings do urban residents prefer?
Parks with water features and shaded walking paths are commonly chosen for relaxation.
What are the four components of Attention Restoration Theory (ART)?
Being away, fascination, extent, and compatibility.
What does ‘being away’ mean in ART?
It refers to psychological distancing from daily routines and stressors, allowing mental recovery.
How does ‘fascination’ contribute to restoration in ART?
Fascination involves effortless attention to engaging stimuli, such as watching a flowing stream, aiding cognitive recovery.
What is ‘extent’ in the context of ART?
Extent refers to environments that feel immersive and expansive, like a forest or a large park.
What does ‘compatibility’ mean in ART?
It describes how well the environment supports an individual’s needs, such as providing space for reflection or play.
How does environmental volunteerism foster community bonds?
Hands-on activities like planting trees build trust, teamwork, and a shared sense of responsibility for the environment.
How does engaging with nature influence pro-environmental behaviors?
It creates personal connections to the environment, fostering attitudes and actions that prioritize ecological care.
What is self-transcendence in the context of nature?
A psychological state where individuals feel connected to something larger than themselves, reducing self-centeredness.
How does awe in nature promote prosocial behavior?
Experiencing awe decreases self-focus and fosters altruism, such as helping others or engaging in community activities.
How do urban stressors affect brain function?
Urban stressors like noise and crowding activate the amygdala and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), increasing sensitivity to social stress.
What are neural adaptations linked to prolonged urban exposure?
Heightened sensitivity to social stress, increasing risks of anxiety and depression.
What did Ulrich’s study reveal about hospital recovery and natural views?
Patients with views of trees healed faster, required less medication, and reported lower stress compared to those with urban views.
How can hospital design improve recovery outcomes according to Ulrich’s findings?
Incorporating restorative views of nature through windows, gardens, or landscapes can enhance patient recovery.
What restorative settings do urban residents prefer?
Accessible, well-maintained parks with features like water and greenery, reflecting their need for stress relief.
How do restorative preferences differ between urban and rural residents?
Urban residents prefer structured, accessible green spaces, while rural residents often favor untamed, natural landscapes.
