Week 3

Question 1

in which 2 categories can syntactic categories be divided?

Answer 1

major categories and minor categories

Question 2

of what does the major category exist?

Answer 2

nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs

Question 3

of what does the minor category exist?

Answer 3

prepositions, conjunctions, determiners, interjections

Question 4

how can syntactic categories be identified?

Answer 4

• semantics
• morphology
• syntactic environment where the word can be found in

Question 5

which inflectional forms does a verb have? (5)

Answer 5

• present 3rd singular
• past
• perfect + passive participle
• progressive participle
• basic form

Question 6

which inflectional forms does a noun have? (2)

Answer 6

• singular
• plural

Question 7

which inflectional forms does an adjective have? (3)

Answer 7

• positive
• comparative
• superlative

Question 8

which affixes does a verb have? (3)

Answer 8

-ise, -ify, un-

Question 9

which affixes does a noun have? (5)

Answer 9

-ness, -ity, -ment, -al, -ee

Question 10

which affixes does an adjective have? (2)

Answer 10

-y, un-

Question 11

which affixes does an adverb have? (1)

Answer 11

-ly

Question 12

in which 2 groups can nouns be divided?

Answer 12

proper nouns and common nouns

Question 13

what are proper nouns?

Answer 13

proper nouns do not pluralise, not modified, do occur with ‘the’

Question 14

in which 2 groups can common nouns be divided?

Answer 14

count nouns and mass nouns

Question 15

what are count nouns?

Answer 15

refer to countable things. occurs with an indefinite article, takes singular and plural, combines with numerals, takes many NOT much

Question 16

what are mass nouns?

Answer 16

refer to uncountable things and substances. Does not occur with an indefinite article, does not take singular and plural, does not combine with numerals, takes much NOT many

Question 17

what are personal pronouns?

Answer 17

I, me, her, you

Question 18

what are reflexive pronouns?

Answer 18

myself, herself, yourself

Question 19

what are reciprocal pronouns?

Answer 19

each other, one another

Question 20

what are indefinite pronouns?

Answer 20

something, nobody, anything

Question 21

what are demonstrative pronouns?

Answer 21

this, that, these, those

Question 22

what are interrogative pronouns?

Answer 22

who, what, which

Question 23

what are relative pronouns?

Answer 23

that, who, which, when

Question 24

what are possessive independent pronouns?

Answer 24

mine, yours, his, hers, ours

Question 25

what are possessive determiner pronouns?

Answer 25

my, yours, his, hers our

Question 26

what can a noun follow?

Answer 26

a determiner, an adjective, can be part of the subject of a sentence

Question 27

what can lexical (main)/auxiliary verbs follow?

Answer 27

lexical (main)/auxiliary verbs can follow a subject phrase

Question 28

what can lexical verbs follow?

Answer 28

auxiliary verbs, can be followed by a NP, can be preceded/followed by an adverb

Question 29

what do prepositions precede?

Answer 29

prepositions precede NP in English

Question 30

what are prepositions?

Answer 30

beside, on, with, at

Question 31

what are coordinator conjuctions?

Answer 31

and/or

Question 32

what are subordinator (complementisers) conjunctions?

Answer 32

that/although/because

Question 33

what do the properties of the head determine?

Answer 33

the properties of the head determine the properties of the NO, such as the meaning, the category type and plural/singular agreement with the verb

Question 34

what are other constituents aside the head in a phrase?

Answer 34

modifiers and complements, they can be added freely to phrases, they are always optional

Question 35

what are complements often when they are added to phrases? and what does that mean?

Answer 35

complements must be added to phrases, the head sub-categorizes for them. Sub-categorisation means that the head determines the category of the complement