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PSYCH 100 > Week 3 > Flashcards

Week 3 Flashcards

Biological Psychology

1
Q

neuron

A

a cell in the brain specialized for sending fast signals

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2
Q

glial cells

A

support cells
- insulate neurons with myelin: fast communicatino
- provide physical support

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3
Q

parts of a neuron

A
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4
Q

dendrites

A

enter only

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5
Q

axons

A

exit only

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6
Q

myelin sheath

A

insulate axon to help send signal more quickly

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7
Q

synapse

A

tiny gap between the ends of this cells axon and the dendrites of other neurons

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8
Q

action potentials

A

electrical impulses that allows signals to travel from the dendrites to the axon

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9
Q

synaptic vesicle

A

small packets of neutransmitters

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10
Q

snypase/synaptic cleft

A

space between one neuron and another

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11
Q

neuron communication…synapse

A
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12
Q

reuptake

A

any remaining neurotransmitters in the synapse are taken back into the axon terminal

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13
Q

neural plasticity

A

refers to the brains ability to change even into adulthood

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14
Q

4 process of neural plasticity

A

1) axon and dendrite growth
2) synaptogenesis
3) pruning (cell death)
4) myelination

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15
Q

Lon-term potentiation

A

more neurotransmitters, more receptors

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16
Q

central nervous system

A

brain spinal chord

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17
Q

peripheral

A

sensory and motor nerves

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18
Q

somatic

A

voluntary

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19
Q

autonomic

A

automatic

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20
Q

sympathetic

A

excited

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21
Q

parasympathetic

A

relaxed

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22
Q

sympathetic system

A

“fight or flight”
adrenaline released
increased heart rate, blood pressure
lungs relax
digestion inhibited

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23
Q

parasympathetic

A

rest and relax system
- slows heart rate
- promotes growth
- stimulates digestion
- promotes cell regeneration

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24
Q

inside the skull, the brain is cushioned by the_____?

A

meninges and cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF) in the centrical ventricles

25
Q

Spinal cord

A

connect the brain to the body

26
Q

cerebrum

A

is the most evolutionary recent part of the brain

27
Q

cerebral cortex

A

the largest part of the cerebrum
- takes in sensory information and is responsible for higher brain fucntions

28
Q

frontal lobe

A

complex thought, planning, control of movement, map of the body’s muscles

29
Q

parietal lobe

A

touch, spatial awareness, map of the body’s skin surface

30
Q

temporal lobe

A

hearing, object memory

31
Q

insular lobe

A

taste awareness

32
Q

occipital lobe

33
Q

frontal lobe sub areas

A

motor cortex, prefrontal cortex, broca’s area

34
Q

motor cortex

A

planning, preparation of motor movements
intitiating motor movements

35
Q

prefrontal cortex

A

responsible for thought, planning, decision making, and self control

36
Q

broca’s area

A

language production

37
Q

motor cortex diagram

38
Q

somatosensory cortex

39
Q

parts of the temporal lobe

A

auditory cortex, wernickes are, visual recognition
- hearing language, memory

40
Q

auditory cortex

A

receives auditory info

41
Q

wernickes area

A

language comprehension

42
Q

visual recognition

A

faces and objects

43
Q

occipital lobe contains the

A

visual cortex

44
Q

visual cortex

A

receives and processes visual info

45
Q

insular lobe

A

involved in sensing internal states, maintaining homeostasis, diverse roles

  • lies beneath frontal and parietal lobe
46
Q

corpus callosum

A

connects the hemispheres

47
Q

limbic system is involved in?

A

processes information about internal states: emotion, motivation, and memory

48
Q

limbic system components

A

thalamus, hypothalamus, amygdala, hippocampus

49
Q

thalamus

A

sensory relay station

50
Q

hypothalamus

A

internal states, The 4 F’sa

51
Q

amygdala

A

excitement, fear

52
Q

hippocampus

A

memory formation

53
Q

basal ganglia

A

control of movement, damage linked to parkinsons

54
Q

brainstem components

A

midbrain, pons, medulla

55
Q

midbrain

A

reflexes, visual tracking

56
Q

pons

A

‘bridge’ between cortex and cerebellum

57
Q

medulla

A

breathing and heartbeat

58
Q

cerebellum

A

“little brain”
balance and condition

PSYCH 100 (7 decks)

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