Week 3 Flashcards
Positive stress =
Negative stress =
Eustress - pleasurable experience - watching a football game
Distress - damaging or unpleasant
What happens to resistance when the body’s alarm system goes off in response to a stressor?
It is lowered - resources are diverted/depleted
When you have difficulty getting used to new circumstances when there has been a loss…
Adjustment disorder
Symptoms occurs within 6 months of a stressor and last for about a month
ASD
Acute stress disorder
What is the field concerned with effects of stress and other psychological factors in the development and maintenance of physical problems?
Health psychology
What took appropriated the word stress from the engineering field and used it to define psychological dynamics?
Hans Selye - Canadian endocrinologist and physician
6 factors of determining the seriousness of a stressor
1 - severity
2 - chronicity
3 - timing
4 - how closely it affects our own lives
5 - how expected
6 - how controllable
What is the biological cost of adapting to stress called?
Allostatic load
Which hormone is associated with stress?
Epinephrine
Which system is associated with flight or fight?
SAM - sympathetic-adrenomedullary system
What is the region of the 🧠 that instigates the SAM
Hypothalamus
What is the second system associated with a pathophysiological response to stress?
HPA
Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal system
What is the process of the HPA
Hypothalamus -> Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
CRH -> in the blood stimulates the pituitary gland
pituitary gland -> adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
ACTH -> induces adrenal cortex (outer portion of adrenal gland) to produce Cortisol
What is psyconeuroimmunology?
The study of the relationship between the nervous system and the immune system
Why does is the immune suppression that occurs with the release of cortisol (glucocorticoid) adaptive?
It suspends inflammation/healing to allow escape (escape first, heal later )
Where are leukocytes (or lymphocytes) stored?
Spleen or lymph nodes
What does stress do to the immune system?
Decreases the production of proinflammatory cytokines
What are the three trauma associated pathologies?
Acute stress disorder (1 day to 1 month of symptoms)
PTSD
Adjustment Disorder
In PTSD, what does the traumatic event cause?
Pathological Memory
What are the 4 symptom groups for PTSD
I A Na Ar
I Am Never Angry AllRight?!
Intrusion
Avoidance
Negative Alterations in cognition and mood
Arousal and Reactivity
Acute stress disorder - length?
Symptoms develop shortly after trauma.
Lasts 3 days to a month
What is the prevalence of PTSD in US population
Women - 9.7
Men - 3.6
What is the most accurate way of diagnosing PTSD - self report or structured interview?
Structured interview
People over report symptoms that are present, but that do not create impairment in functioning in self report
Risk factors for PTSD
Female
High neuroticism
Family history of Anxiety depression substance use
Shame
Foreshadowing of traumatic events
Protective factors against PTSD
High IQ
What part of the brain is smaller in people with PTSD
Hippocampus- memory and stress
What are the sociocultural risk factors for PTSD
Low socioeconomic
Isolated
Part of a minority
Stigma of psychological “weakness”
What is the Cbt intervention for PTSD called?
Stress-inoculation training
