Week 3

Question 1

How to calculate BMI

Answer 1

Weight(KG)/ (Height (M))2

Question 1

Hearing examination

Answer 1

• Cerumen Impaction
• Whisper Test
• Weber and Rinne test
  +visual inspection

Question 2

Oral Assessment

Answer 2

• Ulcers – may be caused by nutritional deficiencies
• Dental Carries – can be painful, may result from
  poor oral hygiene
• Oral Thrush – an overgrowth of yeast, may be
  caused by steroid inhalers
• Xerostomia – a fancy word for dry mouth, often
  caused by medication

Question 3

Disorders that can can issues for cranial nerves

Answer 3

stroke, Parkinson’s, peripheral neuropathy, herniated disc, arthritis, MS

Question 4

Cranial nerve dysfunction can cause

Answer 4

motor and/or sensory issues depending on what nerves are impacted
* Examples: balance issues, hearing loss, visual disturbance, speech, swallowing, pain perception

Question 5

Cranial Nerve 9, 10 – glossopharyngeal and Vagus
Assesment

Answer 5

• Phonation “ah”
• Swallowing
• Gag reflex

Question 6

Cranial Nerve 7 (Facial)

Answer 6

• Facial symmetry
• Ability to raise eyebrows, frown, smile, close eyes tightly, puff out cheeks

Question 7

Cranial Nerve 3, 4, 6 – Oculomotor, trochlear, abducens

Answer 7

• Light pupillary response
• Extra-ocular movement (six cardinal positions of gaze)

Question 8

The Cerebellum is the part of the brain responsible for

Answer 8

Coordination

Question 9

Cause’s of cerebellar
dysfunction

Answer 9

Disorders such as alcohol misuse, stroke, tumor, brain
degeneration, MS, and certain medications (i.e.,
benzodiazepines, antiepileptics)

Question 10

Assessment findings in cerebellar dysfunction may include

Answer 10

• Nystagmus
• Action tremor
• Dysmetria in upper or lower extremities – i.e., rapid
  alternating movements, finger-finger, finger-nose, heelshin
• Gait ataxia

Question 11

Assessments for visual acuity

Answer 11

• Snellen Chart
• Assess from 20 meters (6
  feet) away
• Assess right and left eye

Question 12

Gait Assessment

Answer 12

Assess normal gait, tandem gait, heel walking, and toe walking

Question 13

Step Assesment (Gait Assessment)

Answer 13

• Step: The distance from one heel strike to the next contralateral heel strike
• Normal: About 72 cm

Question 14

Stride assesment (Gait Assessment)

Answer 14

• Stride: The distance covered from one heel strike to the next ipsilateral heel strike (2 steps)
• Normal: About 144 cm

Question 15

Cadence assesment (Gait Assessment)

Answer 15

• Cadence (step rate): Number of steps per unit of time
• Normal: 90-120 steps/minute

Question 16

gait speed (Gait Assessment)

Answer 16

• Gait speed: Distance covered in a given amount of time

Question 17

Strength Assessment
(0-5)

Answer 17

0/5: no contraction
1/5: muscle flicker, but no
movement
2/5: movement possible, but not
against gravity
3/5: movement possible against
gravity, but not against
resistance by the examiner
4/5: movement possible against
some resistance by the
examiner
5/5: normal strength

Question 18

Reflex
Assessment findings

Answer 18

• 0 = no response
• 1+ = a slight but definitely
  present response
• 2+ = a brisk response;
  normal
• 3+ = a very brisk
  response
• 4+ = clonus

Question 19

Cardiovascular
Assessment

Answer 19

• Edema
• Peripheral Vascular Disease
• Murmurs
• Jugular Venous Pulse

Question 20

Respiratory
Assessment

Answer 20

• Respiratory rate
• Auscultate lungs
• Cap refill, digital clubbing,
  peripheral cyanosis
• Posture
• Stigmata of COPD

Question 21

Abdominal
Assessment

Answer 21

• Pain
• Distention
• Masses
• Palpable bladder
• Rectal exam if constipated

Question 22

Ensure to review on BB

Answer 22

Frailty scale, CGA