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REC 356 Quiz > Week 3 > Flashcards

Week 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Bhattaryya’s 2 factors of CD.

A

Solidarity and Agency

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2
Q

Solidarity

A

Shared identity (comes from shared place, interest, ideology etc.)
Shared norms (involving code of conduct)

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3
Q

Agency

A

Capacity to create change, live according to own meaning system

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4
Q

3 overlapping principles for CD

A
  1. Self help
  2. Felt Needs
  3. Participation
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5
Q

Self help

A

Builds agency, avoids dependency

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6
Q

Felt needs

A

Ability to articulate what you need

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7
Q

Participation

A

Self help and felt needs facilitate participation, building solidarity and agency

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8
Q

Social capital is a _____ and a ____

A

Process, outcome

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9
Q

Social Capital

A

Connections between groups, reciprocity, trustworthiness

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10
Q

3 types of social capital

A

Bonding, bridging, linking

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11
Q

Bonding social capital

A

Closest relationships between people in similar situations like family or close friends

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12
Q

Bridging social capital

A

Weaker relationships between those who are different in their social identity or location. Different ethnic groups or communities of interest

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13
Q

Linking social capital

A

Relationships that cut across status. Connect those with different levels of power.

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14
Q

Strong ties = _____ _____

A

Thick trust

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15
Q

Weak Ties = ________ ______

A

Thin trust

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16
Q

Thick trust: this bonding effect is thought to _____ identities that already exist and contribute to a sense of _____

A

Reinforce, solidarity

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17
Q

Thin trust: bonding of people from _____ backgrounds, resulting social network is often described as ____

A

Diverse, inclusive

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18
Q

Self Efficacy

A

People’s beliefs about their capabilities to exercise influence over their lives. Capability to act in the world and shape your own future

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19
Q

4 sources of self efficacy

A
  1. Experience - Past success helps, past failure does not
  2. Social modelling - If they can do it so can I
  3. Social persuasion - Encouragement from those around you
  4. Physical and emotional factors - how they are perceived
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20
Q

Collective efficacy

A

Importance of personal ties, cooperation and social interaction. Linked to social capital

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21
Q

How to find yourself in communities of Social Identity

A

Positive choice
Assigned by others assumptions
Determined by circumstance

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22
Q

Identitarianism

A

Deep bonds around identity go so far that they become exclusive.

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23
Q

Where does identitarianism come from

A

Nazi theories, European far right ideology

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24
Q

Xenophobia (linked to identitarianism)

A

For your own race but against all others

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25
Change Agent
1. Ownership and responsibility for actions 2. Strong desire to lead and inspire 3. Pragmatic and practical problem solving 4. Hard work and resilience will overcome obstacles 5. Listen, communicate and negotiate 6. Data and process driven, ability to explore new concepts and ideas
26
Social Animation
Promoting community participation and self help. Mobilizes and organizes a community
27
Who is an animator?
Social change agent or catalyst
28
Empowerment
Not something you can give someone. Realization of solidarity and agency. People must source it for themselves
29
3 elements of power (power framework or the power cube)
Forms of power Levels of power Arenas of power
30
Forms of power
Visible - observable Hidden - shaping policies Invisible - shaping norms/beliefs
31
Levels of power
Household, local, national, global
32
Arenas of power
Closed spaces - decisions by exclusive groups Invited spaces - communities invited on the terms of the host Claimed spaces - groups claim for themselves
33
Citizenship is ______ but also a _____ driven combo of _____ and ____
Individualized, socially, behaviours, norms
34
2 parts to citizenships
Sense of obligation - responsibilities Sense of altruism - acting for the benefit of others
35
3 dimensions of active citizenship
1. Ethical 2. Integrative 3. Educative
36
Ethical Citizenship
Active participation in pursuit of public good
37
Integrative citizenship
Involvement in broad sphere or participatory activity, not just formal institutions.
38
Educative citizenship
Intellectual, practical, and moral sense of self
39
Belonging
Subjective feeling of deep connection with social groups, physical places, and individual and collective experiences
40
4 components of belonging
Competence - for belonging (skills and abilities) Opportunities - to belong (remove barriers) Motivations - to belong (inner drive) Perceptions - of belonging (past experiences while connecting)
41
4 political economic theories shaping CD
Marxist Pluralist Governance Populist
42
Marxist political economic theory
Overthrow system Conflict between workers and those in power Critical consciousness Agency is taken
43
Hegemony
Power in the absence of violence, unseen soft power. Can be at the consent of those controller
44
Critical pedagogy
Showing people they have a chance to change their surroundings. Educating in order to think critically
45
Pluralist
Focus on making existing system more balanced. Help more people access the system. Agency is given to those who don’t have it
46
Governance
Bring in stakeholders to crest change. Rely on existing system. More participation and engagement from those on the ‘outside’. Agency is given/fostered
47
Populist
Anti-pluralist. Can be inclusionary but is mostly exclusionary. Agency is taken (maybe by force)
48
Feminism
Recognizing the personal as political. Extends into gender and LGBTQ rights
49
Ecologism
Partnership between humans and nature. Meet needs of present but take no actions that will harm future generations
50
3 contemporary models of CD
1. Radical Models 2. Pluralist Models 3. Communitarian Models
51
Radical Models
Marxist themes. Change system and power relationships. Root causes of poverty, injustice and inequality. Ali sky model of community organizing
52
Pluralist models
Work with existing system and rebalance it. Pluralist and governance theories. Community engagement and participation. Incremental change. Compromise to conflict.
53
Communitarian Models
Maintain status quo, focus on what strengths and resources are already there. Positive, bit deficit model. Not changing a whole lot, just highlight the good stuff
54
3 forms of communitarian models
1. ABCD 2. Appreciative inquiry 3. Community capacity building
55
ABCD
Asset based community development. Build on assets within the community. Mobilize community to come together to realize their own strengths.
56
Appreciative Inquiry
Definition, discovery, dream, design, destiny. Uses questions and dialogue. Uncover existing strengths, advantages or opportunities.
57
Capacity Building
Promoting capacity of local communities to develop, implement and sustain their own solutions. Help communities exercise their own control. Very very broad. Local leadership, continuous process.
58
Critiques of capacity building
Let’s government off the hook because it says people can do it on their own. Some say it implies a deficit or need of fixing (especially indigenous)
59
Key outcomes of community capacity building
1. Diverse community participation 2. Expend leadership base 3. Strengthen individual skills 4. Shared understanding and vision 5. Strategic community agenda 6. Consistent, tangible progress towards goals 7. Effective orgs and institutions 8. Promote resource utilization
60
Social Movement theory
Connect people’s personal understanding of their situation to collective action. People sustain a collective identity. Identify and capitalize on opportunities for change. Challenge mainstream meanings that underscore social issues

REC 356 Quiz (3 decks)

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