Week 3

Question 1

What is memory?

Answer 1

• Assists in making decisions
  Memory is the process involved in retaining, retrieving, and using information
  about stimuli, images, events, ideas, and skills after the original information is no
  longer present.
  ➤ Memory is active any time some past experience has an effect on the way you think
  or behave now or in the future ( Joordens, 2011).

Question 2

What are the processes of memory

Answer 2

Encoding
Storage
Retrieval

Question 3

What is the Multi-Store Model of memory (MSM)?

Answer 3

Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) developed the Multi-Store Model of memory (MSM),
- Which describes flow between three permanent storage systems of memory:
- The sensory register/memory (SR)
- Short-term memory (STM)
- Long-term memory (LTM).

Question 4

How long does SENSORY MEMORY last?

Answer 4

• Takes in more memory than we are aware of
• We perceive a lot within split seconds – it just harder to comprehend.
• For example when seeing something for a second we can describe it well if we think about it

Question 5

What is Miller’s magic number?

Answer 5

• Capacity of short-term memory is 7+/-2
• This means you can remember around 7 digits, plus or minus an extra 2
• Chunking assist in short term memory

Question 6

What are the types of Serial recall?

Answer 6

Recall – in order
Free call – any order

Question 7

What is the Primacy effect?

Answer 7

Primacy effect occurs because items early in a list are sufficiently rehearsed before other items are presented to get into long term memory (LTM). Thus, these items can be retrieved from LTM

Question 8

Rehearsal

Answer 8

• Rehearsing something over and over again to remember
• The longer the word/number the harder it is to recall
• It also depends on who familiar you are with the words

Question 9

What are the Five types of memory?

Answer 9

• Short term
• Sensory
• Long term episodic
• Long term procedural
• Long term semantic

Question 10

Sensory memory?

Answer 10

When something is presented briefly, such as a face illuminated by a flash, your perception
continues for a fraction of a second in the dark. This brief persistence of the image, which is
one of the things that makes it possible to perceive movies, is called sensory memory.

Sensory memory is an initial stage that holds all incoming information for seconds or fractions of a seconds

Question 11

Short-term memory or working memory?

Answer 11

poem’’ Luckily, I had the presence of mind to “accidentally” meet you later so we could exchange phone numbers. Unfortunately, I didn’t have my cell phone with me or anything to write with, so I had to keep repeating your number over and over until I could
write it down’’.

Information that stays in our memory for brief periods, about 10 to 15 seconds if we don’t repeat it over and over as Christine did, is short-term memory or working memory.

Short-term memory (STM) holds five to seven items
for about 15 to 20 seconds

Question 12

Long-term memory?

Answer 12

Long-term memory is responsible for storing information for long periods of time—which can extend from minutes to a lifetime.

Question 13

Episodic memories?

Answer 13

Long-term memories of experiences from the past, like the picnic, are episodic memories.

Question 14

Procedural memory?

Answer 14

The ability to ride a bicycle, or do any of
the other things that involve muscle coordination, is a type of long-term memory called procedural memory.

Question 15

Semantic memory?

Answer 15

Another type of long-term memory is semantic memory—memories of facts such as an
address or a birthday or the names of different objects (“that’s a bicycle”).