Week 3 Flashcards
Toshers pg.1
early morning sewage hunters. focused on high-value materials like copper. walked with long robes, a lantern, and a stick to rummage through sewage and waste. higher classed hunters
Charles Dickens pg.2
famous English author of Our Mutual Friend - about father-daughter tosher duo. “ the two worlds, dead and living, have begun to coexist in the marginal spaces
Henry Mayhew p.2
author of london labour and the london poor. Detailed description of bone-picker daily routine, offering insight into their lives. asserted that bone pickers were essential to life as they were performing essential recycling parts of life.
night-soil men p.9
independent contractors. Top of underground scavengers’ food chain. hired by landlords to empty cesspools and remove them. Worked midnight shift in teams of 4s. ropeman, holeman, tubeman.
freidrich engels p.13
23yr old Prussian wrote about urban sociology and is known as father of the socialist movement. wrote accounts on experience with corpses and stench. famous for the idea of the advance of civilization produced barbarity as an unavoidable waste product; essential to society.
earl of craven
famous for craven’s field. built houses in soho for those who were poor and affected by the plague. the rest of the land was used as a mass grave.
Soho
went from a large graves and housing for the poor to a fashionable neighborhood. prince of wales had his house there. the area continued to grow into a rich area, becoming a spot for the bourgeoisie
William Blake
famous english writer and poet. opened a printing shop in Soho, brother opened up another shop, and soon a blake corporation emerged across Soho
Golden Square
formerly known as Cravens fields, became a fashionable districts housing influential and aristocrats. Would later turn back into grave site with plague of 1854. Had elegant Georgian townhouses
Regent Street
large street housing commercial buildings and that acted as a barricade between well to do and the poor. had few conduits connecting to the street, making it hard to access or go into Soho
John Nash
designed Regent street to separate high-class individuals in Mayfair and the working class in Soho. separated streets with large ones for the noble, and narrow streets for the working class
Henry Whitehead
Priest from Soho raised the alarm about cholera in 1854. Conducted extensive research on people from Soho, and later pushed advocated for John Snow’s ideas about the illness being water-born. Continued to be an advocate for public health after
Smithfield
Main livestock market in the golden square. Housed large numbers of livestock, resulting in filth and stench
Ely Brothers Factory
a factory in Soho produces percussion caps for weapons. held large carts of water from pump in broad street for employees to drink
The Lion Brewery
brewery on broad street. anomaly as workers did not get sick despite proximity to the pump. Turns out they had their own water supply, from the New River Company, since they used that water to brew alc.
Broad Street Pump
famous pump where cholera originated from. Famous baby lewis had their diaper thrown in the well, which contaminated the water supply. Users of the well fell ill and quickly died.
vibrio cholarae
the technical term for cholera. A peanut-shaped bacteria that attacks the inner lining of the small intestines. reverse’s bodily function of absorbing water, resulting in increased water secretion. Cholera results in serious dehydration, leading to systems shutdown and accelerated death.
Consilience
a test of the truth of Theory in which it occurs
Miasma
a theory that cholera was spread through the air and stench instead of water, mainly proposed by Edwin Chadwick
South London Waterworks
Snow’s study on the pumps around town. Studied water ways, water connections, water pumps around Soho to find the source of the disease.
Great Plague
a plague that took over London in 1655. Bubonic Plague had a similar infection rate to cholera. rapidly swept over the country
positive feedback loop
more people working increased the food supply, which resulted in more people being able to work. Has to do with growth of civilization and how people were able to switch from hunting-gathering to agriculture
The Enclosure Movement
large privatization movement of farmland, resulting in an urban sprawl of London. Also played a big part of the industrial revolution as poor people would get jobs in factories
William Farr
follower of the miasma theory and cities demographer, Farr tabulated cholera deaths and other demographics relating to the outbreak. He supplemented Snow with his findings
