Week 2.2 - Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Flashcards
What may be a cause of facial trauma?
- assault
- sports
- fall
- road traffic accidents
- industrial
- self harm
What are common sights of facial trauma and how do you treat these?
- mandibular fracture - implant titanium mini-plates.
- midface zygomatic, maxilla and naso/orbital too - careful of CSF leak
What is orofacial swellng?
- commonly a result of odontogenic infection.
- threat to airway - must release pus and maybe tracheostomy
What is orthographic surgery?
to correct facial deformity, commonly with mandible placement. orthodontic reasons - not for aesthetic
What cancer is common in the mouth and what is the survival rate?
- 90% squamous cell carcinoma
- stage 1 5YSR 86%
- stage 4 5YSR 20%
What are worrying signs of oral malignancy?
- persistent redness
- speckles of red and white
- persistent ulceration 3+weeks
- hardening around/under ulcer lesion
- white patches which don’t rub off (not candida)
What is healthy mucosa in the mouth?
- variety
- tongue has variety of papilla
- buccal mucosa pink wet soft
- floor is where salivary gland ducts open, sublingual folds, sublingual papilla at base of lingual frenulum
What are the types of papilla on the tongue?
- anterior 2/3rds filiform, fungiform and foliate
- posterior 1/3rd vallate and circumvallate
What is the innervation to the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue?
- chorda tympani i special sensory of taste
- lingual nerve is general sensory
- hypoglossal is motor EXCEPT palatoglossus which is vagus nerve
What is the innervation to the posterior 1/3rd of the tongue?
- glossopharyneal is special sensory and general sensory
- hypoglossal is motor EXCEPT palatoglossus which is vagus nerve
What is the mucosa of the healthy palate?
keritinised smooth moist light pink mucosa, with ridges toward front and vibrating line toward back where soft and hard palate meet
What types of ulcers do we generally see?
- apthous ulcers most common
- unsure of cause but by trauma, stress, acid foods.
- generally very small and 1-5 at a time. antiseptic mouth wash to treat
What are other types of ulcers?
- oral thrush
- leukoplakia/erythroplakia
- gingivostomatitis
- oral lichin planus
What is xerostomia?
dry mouth due to improper functioning of salivary glands. causes infections, tooth decay, candida. proper oral care needed
What is herpes labialise?
reactivation of herpes simplex virus. often at junction of facial skin to lip
What is oral thrush?
acute candida fungal infection. take antifungals
What is a risk of long term smoking regarding ulcers?
may develop candida at commissure - may become dysplastic and then neoplastic
What symptoms do we see in most primary herpetic infections?
asymptomatic
What is angular cheilitis?
angles of mouth sore and cracked. common in immunosuppressed
What is oral lichin planus?
- chronic inflammatory condition.
- appears as red, white patches and sores
- may be very painful
What is gingivostomatitis?
- painful oral infection caused by bacteria or viruses, showing ocld sores and ulcers in mouth and lips
- self limiting 2/3wks
