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H+N - A > Week 2 - Wet Room > Flashcards

Week 2 - Wet Room Flashcards

1
Q

How many permanent Incisor, canine, premolar and molar teeth are there?

A 
Incisor = 8
Canine = 4
Premolar = 8
Molar = 12
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2
Q

How many deciduous incisor, canine and molar teeth are there?

A 
Incisor = 8
Canine = 4
molar = 8
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3
Q

What type of joint is the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)?

A

Hinge synovial joint

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4
Q

Which 2 articular processes form the TMJ?

A

Mandibular fossa of the temporal bone

Condylar process of the mandible

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5
Q

What movements of the mandible occur at the TMJ?

A 
Elevation (close mouth)
Depression (open mouth)
Protrusion
Retrusion (reduced chin)
Side to side movements
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6
Q

Explain what the muscles of mastication are?

don’t name them

A

The muscles of mastication refer to a group of four muscles which act on the TMJ during mastication

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7
Q

Name the muscles of mastication

A

Superficial muscles:

  • Temporalis
  • Masseter

Deeper Muscles:

  • Lateral pterygoid
  • Medial pterygoid
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8
Q

What is the temporalis muscle?

A

This is a large fan shaped muscle on the side of the head

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9
Q

What are the bony attachments of the temporals muscle?

A

(Floor of the) temporal fossa

(Tip and medial surface of the) coronoid process

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10
Q

How do the anterior fibres of the temporalis differ from the posterior fibres of the temporalis?

A

Anterior fibres = nearly vertical (elevation)

Posterior fibres = nearly horizontal (retrusion)

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11
Q

What are the bony attachments of the masseter?

A

Zygomatic arch

Outer surface of the ramus and angle of the mandible

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12
Q

What part of the skull to the lateral and medial pterygoid muscles attach?

A

LATERAL pterygoid plate

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13
Q

What side of the pterygoid plate do the lateral and medial pterygoid muscles attach

A

Medial pterygoid muscle = medial side of lateral pterygoid plate

Lateral pterygoid muscle = lateral side of lateral pterygoid plate

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14
Q

Where in the mandible does the lateral pterygoid muscle attach?

A

Enters into the joint capsule of the TMJ to insert onto the neck of the mandible and also the articular disc of this joint

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15
Q

Where in the mandible does the medial pterygoid muscle attach?

A

medial surface of rams of mandible

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16
Q

What causes depression of the mandible if the muscles of mastication cause elevation?

A

Suprahyoid bones and gravity

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17
Q

What are the suprahyoid muscles that depress the mandible?

A

Myohyoid
Digastric
Stylohyoid

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18
Q

What muscle causes protrusion of the mandible?

A

Posterior fibres of the temporalis muscle

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19
Q

What muscle causes retraction of the mandible

A

Biilateral lateral pterygoid muscle

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20
Q

What muscle causes side to side movements of the jaw?

A

Unilateral lateral pterygoid muscle

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21
Q

What innervates the muscles of mastication?

A

Branches of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve.

This is the only division of the trigeminal nerve that carries both sensory and motor fibres

22
Q

What does the maxillary nerve supply?

A

Completely sensory

Cutaneous innervation to the cheek, upper lip, lower eyelid,

Mucous membranes of the: palate, teeth, gingiva, nasal cavity and maxiallary sinus

23
Q

What does the ophthalmic nerve supply?

A

Completely sensory

The skin of the forehead
Upper eyelid
Nasal mucous membranes and sinuses

24
Q

Describe the path of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve

A

It emerges from the cranial cavity through the OVAL FORAMEN (bottom of sphenoid bone)
In the INFRATEMPORAL FOSSA, its motor branches supply the muscles of mastication
One of its sensory branches, the INFERIOR ALVEOLAR NERVE enters into the MANDIBULAR FORAMEN and provides sensory innervation to the mandibular area.

25
Q

What is the first part of the respiratory tract?

A

The Nose

26
Q

what does the frontal process of the maxilla articulate with?

A

The nasal bones laterally

27
Q

What forms the roof of the nose?

A

The nasal bones
Part of the frontal bone
Ethmoid bone
Body of the sphenoid bone

28
Q

The part of the ethmoid bone that contributes to the roof of the nasal cavity contains the what?

A

Cribiform plate

29
Q

What forms the floor of the nasal cavity?

A

Palatine processes of the maxillae and the palatine bones which form the hard palate.

The floor of the nasal cavity is extended posteriorly by the soft palate

30
Q

What two bones form the nasal septum?

What structure lies anterior to these and completes the nasal septum?

A

Vommer
Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid

Septal cartilage

31
Q

What passes through the cribriform plate?

A

Olfactory nerve

32
Q

What attaches to the crust gali?

A

flax cerebrie

33
Q

What are some of the parts of the ethmoid bone?

A 
The cribiform plate
The crista gali
The central plate
The superior and middle conchae
The ethmoid air cells
34
Q

What two bones form the hard palate?

A

Palatine bone

Maxilla

35
Q

What kind of epithelium forms the respiratory mucosae which lines most of the nasal cavity?

A

Ciliated Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium

36
Q

The roof of the nasal cavity is lined by what?

A

Olfactory mucosa

37
Q

What cranial nerve innervates the olfactory mucosa?

A

Olfactory nerve (Cr. N. I)

38
Q

Which plate of bone lying on the roof of the cranial cavity do axons of the olfactory nerve pass through to enter into the cranial cavity?

A

Cribiform plate

39
Q

What is the name given to the space above the superior concha?

A

Spheno-ethmoidal recess

40
Q

What bone is the superior and middle conchae part of?

What bone if the inferior concha part of?

A

Superior and middle conchae = ethmoid

Inferior conchae = its own bone

41
Q

What provides a rich arterial supply to the nose?

A

Branches of the ophthalmic artery (itself a branch of the ECA) and also branches of the ECA

42
Q

What venous drainage does the nose have?

A

Venous plexus

43
Q

What sinus opens into the spheno-ethmoidal sinus?

A

sphenoid sinus

44
Q

What sinus opens into the superior meatus?

A

Posterior ethmoidal air cells

45
Q

What opens into the middle meatus?

A

Maxillary sinus
Frontal sinus
Anterior ethmoidal air cells
Middle ethmoidal air cells

46
Q

What opens into the inferior meatus?

A

Nasolacrimal duct

47
Q

Which sinus’ opening is not at its most inferior part and therefore secretions from this sinus do not drain well

A

Maxillary sinus

48
Q

Which sinus has its floor often indented by tooth sockets?

A

Maxillary sinus

49
Q

What branch of the facial nerve innervates frontal air sinus?

A

V1

50
Q

What branch of the facial nerve innervates the maxillary air sinus?

A

V2

51
Q

What branch of the facial nerve innervates the ethmoidal air cells?

A

V1 + V2

52
Q

What branch of the facial nerve innervates the sphenoid air sinus?

A

V1

H+N - A (11 decks)

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