Week 2: Skin, Wound Care & Integumentary sys con't

Question 1

What are three types of diagnostic tests for skin lesions ?

Answer 1

1) Biopsy
2) Blood Test
3) Patch or scratch method

Question 2

Biopsy detects which of the following

a) Malignant changes
b) Skin Conditions (psoriasis)
c) Bacterial/Fungal Skin Infections
d) All of the above

Answer 2

Answer: D (all of the above)

Question 3

True or false: Blood tests help with the diagnosis of allergy or abnormal immune reactions?

Answer 3

Answer: True

Question 4

True or false: A shave biopsy is where you do a surgical removal or resection?

Answer 4

Answer: False

Question 5

True or false: A punch biopsy is where you punch a hole in the lesion to remove a piece of skin

Answer 5

Answer: True

Question 6

Describe 3 causes of pruritus

Answer 6

1) Allergic response
2) Chemical Irritation
3) Infestations by parasites

Question 7

True or false: When a client is diagnosed with pruritus the main goal is to control it

Answer 7

Answer: True

Question 8

Explain general treatments of pruritus

Answer 8

Controlling the itch using topical agents or through antihistamines or glucocorticoids

Question 9

True or false: Pruritus means itching

Answer 9

Answer: True

Question 10

Which of the following are true about Allergic Dermatitis

a) Allergen- immune response from the body
b) A itchy rash develops a few hours later
c) Irritants such as soaps, metals, plants are possible causes
d) All of the above

Answer 10

Answer: D (all of the above)

Question 11

Which of the following is true about Chemical Dermatitis

a) An inflammatory response from direct exposure
b) Reduce inflammation by topical glucocorticoids
c) Both a and b

Answer 11

Answer: c (both A and B)

Question 12

True or false: Urticaria means hives

Answer 12

Answer: True

Question 13

Which of the following is true about Urticaria?

a) Results from hypersensitivity
b) Results in chronic inflammation
c) Auto-immune disorder
d) All of the above

Answer 13

Answer: A (result from hypersensitivity)

Question 14

Explain some examples of what may cause hives?

Answer 14

Ingestion of shellfish, fruits, drugs

Question 15

True or false: Treatment of Urticaria is through cool compress and antihistamines

Answer 15

Answer: True

Question 16

Where does eczema commonly occur on the body in infancy?

Answer 16

On our face, chest, and shoulders

Question 17

Where can eczema be commonly found in adults?

Answer 17

On flexor surfaces (back of the knee or inside of the elbow)

Question 18

Which of the following is true in the management of eczema?

a) relieve itching
b) hydrate skin
c) prevention of secondary infection
d) all of the above

Answer 18

Answer: D (all of the above)

Question 19

Describe what psoriasis is

Answer 19

A chronic skin disorder that causes inflammation which is typically an autoimmune disorder appearing in the early teen years

Question 20

Identify 4 triggers of psoriasis

Answer 20

1) Infection
2) Stress
3) Smoking & alcohol
4) Medications

Question 21

Which of the following is true for the treatment methods of psoriasis (could be more than one answer)?

a) Light treatment
b) Topical treatment
c) No treatment has been found
d) None of the above

Answer 21

Answer: A and B

Question 22

Fill in the blank: Shingles is a ____ infection

Answer 22

Answer: A viral infection

Question 23

Fill in the blank: Shingles is caused by _____ virus

a) Tinea capitis
b) Herpes varicella zoster
c) By a mite

Answer 23

Answer: B (Herpes Varicella Zoster virus)

Question 24

True or false: With shingles blisters can last about 2 weeks?

Answer 24

Answer: True

Question 25

True or False: Scabies is transmitted through skin to skin contact?

Answer 25

Answer: True

Question 26

# Fill in the blank: Scabies is a highly contagious skin infection caused by ____ a) Mites b) Worms c) Both a and b

Answer 26

Answer: A (mites)

Question 27

True or false: Skin infections are often caused by opportunistic microorganisms (take advantage of certain conditions such as a weakened immune system)

Answer 27

Answer: True

Question 28

Which of the following is true about cellulitis? a) Frequently in lower trunks & legs b) Infection of the dermis and subcutaneous layer c) Typically caused by streptococci d) All of the above

Answer 28

Answer: D

Question 29

# Fill in the blank: Impetigo is a common infection found in ____ a) Teens b) Adults c) Infants and children

Answer 29

Answer: C

Question 30

Which of the following is correct for the treatment of Impetigo? a) Topical Antibiotics in early stages b) Systemic administration for extreme lesions c) Contact isolation d) All of the above

Answer 30

Answer: D (all of the above)

Question 31

Explain the difference between Herpes Type 1 and Herpes Type 2

Answer 31

Herpes Type 1 is common cold sores around the mouth vs type 2 which is generally affects the genital area

Question 32

True or false: Verruca is also known as warts

Answer 32

Answer: True

Question 33

# Fill in the blank: Warts frequently develops in ___ a) The elderly b) Children & Young Adults c) Infants

Answer 33

Answer: B (children and young adults)

Question 34

True or false: Warts typically spreads through viral shedding of the skin

Answer 34

Answer: True

Question 35

True or false: Mycoses is also known as fungal infections

Answer 35

Answer: True

Question 36

True or false: Tinea capitis is the infection of the whole body

Answer 36

Answer: False (infection of the scalp)

Question 37

True or False: Tinea corporis is the infection of the scalp

Answer 37

Answer: False (infection of the body particularly non-hairy parts)

Question 38

# Fill in the blank: Tinea Pedis is the inflammation of the _____ a) The toes (athlete's foot) b) The coccyx region c) Infection of the toe nail

Answer 38

Answer: A (The toes)

Question 39

True or false: Tinea Unguium is the infection of the nail (toe nail)

Answer 39

Answer: True

Question 40

True or False: Lice is also called Pediculosis

Answer 40

Answer: True

Question 41

# Fill in the blank: Pediculus humanus corporis is lice of the ____ a) Pubic b) Body c) Head

Answer 41

Answer: B (Body)

Question 42

List 4 guidelines of prevention/reduction of skin cancers

Answer 42

1) Seek shade 2) Avoid tanning/ UV tanning beds 3) Examination of skin 4) Keep newborns out of the sun

Question 43

True or false: Squamous Cell Carcinoma is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells arising in the skins upper layers

Answer 43

Answer: True

Question 44

# Fill in the blank: The most deadly of all skin cancers is which ____ a) Squamous Cell Carcinoma b) Malignant Melanoma c) Merkel Cell Carcinoma

Answer 44

Answer: B (malignant melanoma)

Question 45

Describe the ABCDE of Malignant Melanoma

Answer 45

``` A: Appearance (looking for change) B: Border C: Colour D: Diameter (change of) E: Evolving ```

Question 46

True or False: A cyst is an abnormal closed sac that can occur anywhere in the body

Answer 46

Answer: True

Question 47

True or False: Infants, older adults, clients with disabilities are at the greatest risk for skin injury

Answer 47

Answer: True

Question 48

# Fill in the blank: A wound is a break in the ____ a) Skin or Mucous | b) The subcutaneous layer

Answer 48

Answer: A (skin or mucous)

Question 49

What are 3 common causes of wounds

Answer 49

1) Trauma 2) Surgery 3) Immobility or poor circulation

Question 50

What are the steps of wound care?

Answer 50

1) Prevention of infection 2) Further injury of the wound 3) Preventing blood loss 4) Pain prevention

Question 51

Which of the following is true about types of wounds? a) Open and closed wounds b) Partial and full-thickness wounds c) Clean-contaminated wounds d) All of the above

Answer 51

Answer: D (all of the above)

Question 52

True or false: Wounds are described by their cause?

Answer 52

Answer: True

Question 53

# Fill in the blank: Abrasions are ____ of the skin a) Pierced skin b) Scrapping of skin c) Open wound by a sharp object d) Bruising of the skin

Answer 53

Answer: B (scrapping of the skin)

Question 54

True or false: A skin tear is a break or rip in the skin

Answer 54

Answer: True

Question 55

Describe 3 common causes of a skin tear?

Answer 55

1) Friction and shearing 2) Repositioning or transferring a client 3) Holding a clients arm or leg too tightly

Question 56

True or false: A pressure ulcer is an injury caused by unrelieved pressure to the skin and underlying tissue

Answer 56

Answer: True

Question 57

Which of the following is correct about a client at risk for pressure ulcers a) Client's confined to a bed or chair b) Poor nutrition c) Problems sensing pain or pressure d) Circulatory problems e) All of the above

Answer 57

Answer: E (all of the above)

Question 58

True or false: There are 3 stages of pressure ulcers?

Answer 58

Answer: False (there are 4 stages of pressure ulcers)

Question 59

Which of the following is true about stage 1 pressure ulcer? a) Partial- thickness skin loss b) Full- thickness skin loss c) Skin is intact d) Full-thickness tissue loss

Answer 59

Answer: C (Skin is still intact- usually redness forms where the pressure ulcer is forming)

Question 60

# Fill in the blank: Stage four pressure ulcer is full thickness ____ loss a) Skin | b) Tissue

Answer 60

Answer: B (Tissue loss- muscle, bones, and tendons are exposed)

Question 61

True or false: It is much easier to treat pressure ulcers vs focusing on prevention of pressure ulcers

Answer 61

Answer: False

Question 62

# Fill in the blank: Circulatory ulcers (vascular) are open sores on the ____ a) Coccyx region b) Lower legs or feet c) Arms/ Upper body

Answer 62

Answer: B (lower legs or feet)

Question 63

Explain the cause of circulatory uclers

Answer 63

Caused due to decreased blood flow through arteries or veins

Question 64

# Fill in the blank: Venous ulcers (stasis) are open sores on the ___ caused by poor blood flow in the veins a) Lower legs/feet b) Arms c) Upper thighs

Answer 64

Answer: A (lower legs/feet)

Question 65

Which of the following is true about venous ulcers? a) Can develop when valves in the legs do not close well b) Veins cannot pump blood to the heart in a normal way c) Blood and fluid collect in the legs and feet d) All of the above

Answer 65

Answer: D (all of the above)

Question 66

Describe the appearance of venous ulcers

Answer 66

1) Edema in the tissue will have a swollen appearance 2) Skin appears shiny and stretched 3) May discharge fluid

Question 67

True or false: Arterials ulcers are an open wound on lower legs/feet caused from poor arterial blood flow

Answer 67

Answer: True

Question 68

True or false: Smoking is not a risk factor for arterial ulcers

Answer 68

Answer: False (Smoking is indeed a risk factor)

Question 69

Which is true about doctor's orders for arterial ulcers? a) Drugs and wound care b) Complete bed rest- no walking c) None of the above

Answer 69

Answer: A (drug and wound care plan ordered by the doctor as well a walking & exercise program)

Question 70

True or false: You should always provide foot care with a patient/client with arterial ulcers

Answer 70

Answer: False (Never unless specified in the care plan)

Question 71

Which of the following is true about the appearance of arterial ulcers? a) Affected leg/foot may feel cool to the touch b) Appears blue, grey or shiny c) Can be found between the toes, on top of the toes, outer side of the ankle, and the heels d) All of the above

Answer 71

Answer: D (all of the above)

Question 72

# Fill in the blank: The healing process has ___ phases a) 2 phases b) 3 phases c) 4 phases

Answer 72

Answer: Three phases

Question 73

True or false: Primary intention (wound healing) is when the wound edges are not brought together

Answer 73

Answer: False

Question 74

True or false: Secondary Intention is when wounds are cleaned with dead tissue removed, edges not brought together, often a scar forms slowly and risk for infection.

Answer 74

Answer: True

Question 75

What is Tertiary intention?

Answer 75

Delayed intent of wound healing where the wound is left open and closed later

Question 76

Fill in the blank: A hematoma is when there is a ___ under the skin

Answer 76

Collection of blood

Question 77

Which of the following is true about signs/symptoms of internal bleeding: a) Going into shock b) Vomiting blood c) Loss of consciousness d) All of the above

Answer 77

Answer: D (all of the above)

Question 78

True or false: Dehiscence is the separation along the wound with protrusion of abdominal organs

Answer 78

Answer: False ( Evisceration is the separation of the wound and protrusion of abdominal organs)

Question 79

True or false: Dehiscence is the separation of the wound

Answer 79

Answer: True

Question 80

``` Which of the following is correct about serous drainage? a) Bloody drainage b) Thin, watery blood-tinged drainage c) Clear watery fluid D) Brownish, greenish drainage ```

Answer 80

Answer: C (clear watery fluid)

Question 81

Which of the following is correct about serosanguineous drainage? a) Bloody drainage b) Thin, watery blood-tinged drainage c) Brownish, greenish drainage

Answer 81

Answer: B (Thin watery blood-tinged drainage)

Question 82

True or false: Purulent drainage produces a foul odor with greenish, brownish, yellowish thick drainage

Answer 82

Answer: True