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Psw Human Body > Integumentary System > Flashcards

Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two major skin layers?

A

1) The dermis- inner layer of the skin made of connective tissue
2) Epidermis- outer/thinner layer which contains living and dead cells

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2
Q

What are the organs of the integumentary system?

A

Skin and its accessory structures such as nails, hair and glands. As well, blood vessels, nerves and muscles.

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3
Q

Where can you find epithelium?

A

Epithelium can be found in the hair, nails, and epidermis of the skin

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4
Q

What does the dermis contain?

A

The dermis made up of connective tissue

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5
Q

Define Dermatology

A

Medical profession specifies in the diagnosis and treatment of disorders in the integumentary system

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6
Q

True or False- The integumentary system is second largest system?

A

False- The integumentary system is the largest since the skin is considered the largest organ by mass

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7
Q

True or False- The 4 basic tissue types of the system is the epithelium, the dermis containing CT, muscle and nerves

A

True

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8
Q

What are three ways the epidermis differs from the dermis?

A

1) The dermis comprises a thin network of vessels aka capillaries vs the epidermis which has no blood vessels
2) The epidermis obtains essential nutrients & oxygen by diffusion from the dermis vs the dermis which obtains nutrients and oxygen through the capillaries
3) The dermis consists of nerves vs the epidermis which has no nerves present

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9
Q

What are three ways the skin acts as self-defense mechanism?

A

1) External barrier to bacteria- helps in prevention of infections & protects internal organs
2) Regulation of body temperature
3) Produces oil so bacteria can’t produce as easily

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10
Q

True or false- The skin helps in synthesis of vitamin D?

A

True

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11
Q

True or False- Skin plays an important role in the reservoir of blood?

A

True

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12
Q

Why is our skin thickest on the heels?

A

Helps as a protective barrier- helps in the response to pressure and friction

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13
Q

Define homeostasis

A

The body maintaining certain amount of set conditions in order to survive

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14
Q

What are 5 major functions of the skin?

A

1) Body temperature regulation
2) Protection
3) Cutaneous sensations
4) Excretion and absorption
5) Synthesis of vitamin D

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15
Q

Where can you find Keratin and what is the role?

A

Keratin can be found in the skin and protects underlying tissue such as microbes, abrasions or heat

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16
Q

True or false- The colour of a patient’s skin can indicate a physical condition?

A

True- Observing the skin is a great way to determine if something is going on with your patient. For example, if their skin or nails have a blueish or grey appearance it could mean circulatory problems

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17
Q

What is subcutaneous also known as?

A

Hypodermis- underneath the dermis

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18
Q

True or false- Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium can be found in the hypodermis layer?

A

False- It is in the epidermis layer

19
Q

The epidermis has 4 major types of cells, what are they?

A

1) Keratinocytes
2) Melanocytes
3) Langerhans cells
4) Merkle Cells

20
Q

True or False- The epidermis is vascular?

A

False- It is avascular

21
Q

Choose the correct from the following: Keratinocytes consist of granules which release a lipid-rich secretion that:

a) water repellent sealant
b) slow down loss of body fluids
c) blocks entry of foreign materials
d) all the above

A

Answer: D (all the above)

22
Q

Which is the deepest layer of the epidermis?

a) Stratum Corneum
b) Stratum Basale
c) Stratum Lucidum
d) None of the above

A

Answer: B (Stratum Basale)

23
Q

The epidermis has 5 strata layers, what are they?

A

1) Stratum Basale (deepest)
2) Stratum Spinosum (provides strength & stability)
3) Stratum Granulosum
4) Stratum Corneum
5) Stratum Lucidum

24
Q

True or false- Melanin is produced by melanocytes in the stratum basal?

A

True

25
Q

What is carotene?

A

Yellow-orange pigment and found in the stratum corneum, dermis & subcutaneous layer

26
Q

Hemoglobin is what?

a) produces “Red” tones in our skin
b) Located in erythrocytes
c) Both a & b

A

Answer: c

27
Q

True or false- The superficial part of the dermis consists of areolar connective tissue?

A

Answer: True

28
Q

What does the deepest part of the dermis( attached to the sub-q later) consist of?

A

Consists of dense irregular connective tissue (contains bundle of collagen & elastic fibers)

29
Q 
What can be found between the elastic fibers?
a) adipose cells
b hair follicles
c) oil glands & sweat glands
d) nerves
e) all the above
A

Answer: E (all the above)

30
Q

What are the two regions of the dermis?

A

1) The papillary region

2) Reticular region

31
Q

True or false- The papillary region consists of dense irregular connective tissue?

A

Answer: False

32
Q

True or false- The reticular region consists of areolar connective tissue?

A

Answer: False

33
Q

What is the hypodermis layer attached too?

A

Attaches to the skin to underlying tissues and organs

34
Q

True or false- Another name for Hair is “pili”?

A

Answer: True

35
Q

Which of the following is true about hair?

a) helps with touch sensations
b) protects the body against harmful effects like the sun
c) protects against heat loss
d) all of the above

A

Answer: D (all of the above)

36
Q

Sebaceous (oil) glands which are connected to hair follicles produce what type of oil substance?

A

Produces sebum into the follicle

37
Q

What are two important things about the production of sebum?

A

1) Prevents dehydration of hair and skin

2) Inhibits growth of certain bacteria

38
Q

True or false- Another name for sweat glands is sudoriferous glands

A

Answer: True

39
Q

What are the two types of sweat glands?

A

1) Eccrine sweat glands

2) Apocrine sweat glands

40
Q

Describe the difference between eccrine sweat glands and apocrine sweat glands?

A

Eccrine sweat glands are located all over the body & produce a watery substance which helps cool down the body, eliminates small amounts of waste, and responds to stress. Apocrine sweat glands produce a small viscous sweat and contributes to body odor.

41
Q

What are some of the changes in the integumentary system as we age?

a) Sweat production decreases
b) Subcutaneous fat is lost
c) Dehydration and cracking occurs
d) All of the above

A

Answer: D (All of the above)

42
Q

True or false- Most of the age-related changes begin at about 40?

A

Answer: True

43
Q

True or false- Nerve endings in the skin sense both pleasant and unpleasant stimulation?

A

Answer: True

44
Q

Describe macule, vesicle, and pustule.

A

1) Macule- Basically known as a small spot or blemish that is flat
2) Vesicle- Also known as a blister- filled with a watery substance
3) Putsule- Raised and filled with pus/exudate

Psw Human Body (3 decks)

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