Week 2 Session 3 Flashcards
vertebral extent of the larynx
C3-C6
4 major cartilages of the larynx
epiglottic, thyroid, cricoid and arytenoid
which cartilage is a ring shape
cricoid
which cartilage is the adam’s apple/laryngeal prominence
thyroid
which cartilages are paired
arytenoids, corniculate and cuneiform
membrane between hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage
thyrohyoid membrane
membrane between thyroid and cricoid cartilages
median cricothyroid ligament
4 components of the laryngeal inlet
epiglottis, corniculate cartilage, arytenoid catilage and aryepiglottic folds
where are the corniculate cartilages
sitting on top of the arytenoid cartilages
3 parts of the larynx lumen
vestibule/upper part
middle part between vestibular folds
lower part down to the cricoid
the true vocal fold lies superior/inferior to the vestibular/false fold
inferior
where is the laryngeal ventricle
between the false and true folds
where is the laryngeall vestibule
top part of larynx lumen. From inlet to vestibular fold
innervation of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles
recurrent laryngeal nerve (except the cricothyroid muscle)
what bigger nerve is the recurrent laryngeal nerve a branch of
the vagus nerve
what is the only intrinsic laryngeal muscle not to be innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve
cricothyroid muscle, lies on outside, innervated by superior laryngeal nerve
the recurrent and superior laryngeal nerves are branches of what nerve
vagus
what happens when the recurrent laryngeal nerve is damaged
hoarse voice
vocal cords are adducted/abducted when speaking
adducted
what major blood vessel does the recurrent laryngeal nerve pass behind
the common carotid
when are the vocal cords most abducted
in forced heavy breathing (like after exercise)
superior laryngeal nerve delivers sensory innervated to what part of the larynx
the mucous membrane
with what structure is the larynx continuous superiorly
the hypopharynx
bone that forms the roof of the nasopharynx
sphenoid bone
what lies posterior to the larynx
the laryngopharynx
3 divisions of the pharynx
naso, oro and larnygo
extent of oropharynx
from soft palate down to base of tongue/top if epiglottis
what prevents food from entering the trachea/larynx
epiglottis
what prevents food from entering the naospharynx
soft palate
3 plant pot looking muscles of the pharynx
superior, middle and inferior pharyngeal constrictor
cranial nerves that innervate the pharynx
IX (glossopharyngeal) and X (vagus)
which cranial nerve gives motor innervation to the pharynx
X (vagus)
action of the pharyngeal constrictors
constrict pharynx walls during swallowning
where does most of the pharyngeal sensory innervation come from
IX (glossopharyngeal)
role of longitudinal muscles of pharynx
to elevate the larynx and shorten pharynx
what is waldeyer’s ring
a lymphoid ring proctecting the back of the oropharynx
what makes up the lymphoid ring
(naso)pharyngeal tonsils (adenoids), palatine tonsils and lingual tonsil
