Week 2 - Self Concept, Stress, Adaptation & Crisis Flashcards
Self Concept
A mental image or picture of yourself - it is what you understand and believe about yourself including your unique traits, skills, and personality
How one views self in relation to others and their environment
It is shaped and guided psychologically by our development
Self Concept can be __ or __
positive or negative
What are the 3 dimensions of self concept
self knowledge
self evaluation
self expectations
What do the 3 dimensions of self concept stem from?
Self Esteem
Self Knowledge
What is one’s emotional intelligence, knowledge of basic facts about themselves like sex, race, age, position in social groups, qualities or traits, and their own global self
Self Evaluation
How well one likes themselves at the current time
It boils down to a positive or negative self image from how we have experienced life thus far
Self Expectations
Who or what do I want to be?
This develops from role models
These are based on 3 factors
What are Self Expectations based on?
Self Respect
Self Approval
Self Worth
What are the 4 components that make up the 3 dimensions and self concept?
Self Esteem
Body Image
Role Performance
Personal Identity
What are the components of a Personal identity
Intellectual Self
Physical Self
Emotional Self
Moral/Ethical Self
What are some examples of things that shape personal identity
friends
family
interested
objects and possessions
creations
choices
values
beliefs
appearance
ethnicity
practices and habits
work and hobbies
Intellectual Self
Cognitive Ability - or - How one learns, their literacy level, and ability to think and push attention span
Includes: memory, learning, attention span, educational literacy, creative/artistic ability, understanding of illness they may have, how has our past shaped how we think and what we believe is true
Physical Self
View of physical body and an effect illness has on it including: appearance, function, control, mental and social aspects, and sexual function
Review of Systems gleans information on this aspect of the patient
The whole body is a part of personal identity
Moral/Ethical Self
Moral and ethical values/ what the person believes in including belief systems (personal beliefs, values, conscience, religious preferences) and cultural influences (traditions, food, role in the family)
An outsider like a nurse needs to be non-judgmental particularly for this aspect
Emotional Self
Mental health and psychological functioning
includes expressiveness (is it done in a healthy way?), needs and drives, mood and affect, support systems, psychological status, and beliefs
Must be intact to know how hard to work, get out of bed in the morning or deal with illness and loss
Personal Identity Assessment (Assessment of Self Concept)
list of labels that identify a person according to importance in order to see what is most important to a patient or person’s self concept
Why is assessment of self concept so important?
Understanding our patients will help us facilitate a change in their behavior and maximize coping
It also helps us understand why their priorities do not always match our own
By understanding, we can find sources of support and strengths that are meaningful to that individual to guide their care
How does Self Concept develop early on?
It begins as self awareness as an infant, which then grows to self recognition as a person and self definition, and eventually leads to a child’s self concept of themselves as a person
What are some characteristics of Self Concept
Dynamic and Complex
Holistic- all aspects of a person are important, not just one
Unique - to each person
Reflective of culture (influences values and beliefs)
Paplau’s Theory of Interpersonal relations
Appraisals made by significant others about the self are made –> these appraisals are repeated into a pattern and are incorporated into the self –> the person’s behavior morphs to match the appraisal
The self is then open to reappraisal from biophysical, maturational, and/or environmental changes
Developmental Cycle of Self Concept
Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development
Mastery of each stage will support positive self concept and problems in one stage can delay mastery, stagnation, and lead to a negative self concept
We have to move up the ladder of trust –> autonomy –> etc to have a positive outcome
How does Maslow fit into the idea of self concept?
We need to meet the lower needs (physiological –> safety –> love and belonging –> self esteem –> self actualization) in order for a patient or person to move forward
Self esteem is near the top and a part of self concept, so inability to meet the first 3 stages can lead to negative self concept outcomes
Characteristics of a Health Self Concept
satisfaction with role performance
real self = ideal self to them
high self esteem
distinct sense of identity
emotionally stable
realistic life goals and aspirations
body image satisfaction
beliefs
understands faults and positive attributes
What are some events that can lead to altered self concept in a patient?
Altered appearance
Altered function
Altered control
Altered relationships
Altered beliefs
A combination of events
(But beliefs can influence the impact of these events)