Week 2 (safety & hygiene)

Question 1

safety

Answer 1

freedom from psychological and physical injury. prevention of patient injury caused by health care error.

Question 2

QSEN safety competency

Answer 2

minimizes risk of harm for patients and provides thorough system effectiveness and individual performance

Question 3

How many people die in hospitals per year bc of medical errors

Answer 3

44,000 - 98,000

Question 4

medical errors

Answer 4

following the wrong plan or failure of plan action completion

Question 5

problems occurring often

Answer 5

adverse drug affects, improper transfusions, surgical injuries, wrong site surgeries, suicide, restraint related injuries, falls, pressure ulcers, mistaken patient identities

Question 6

steps for patient identification

Answer 6

• state name and date of birth
• check wrist band
• BAR SCAN when giving medications

Question 7

patient fall

Answer 7

sudden change of unintentional position to ground or lower surface. most commonly reported hospital injuries (1 mil per year)

Question 8

what are the four fall assessment tools?

Answer 8

Hendricks, Morse fall scale, John Hopkins fall scale, humpty dumpty

Question 9

For hendricks what is the number determining between low fall risk and high fall risk

Answer 9

5, if lower means lower fall risk but greater than 5 means high fall risk

Question 10

restraint

Answer 10

manual method, physical, device, material or equipment used to immobilize or reduce movement of patients limbs

Question 11

what is restrain alternative

Answer 11

devices or techniques employed for deviating away from use of restraints

Question 12

way to prevent restraints

Answer 12

distraction,

Question 13

less restrictive restraint

Answer 13

self release lap belt

Question 14

prevention of falls

Answer 14

lower bed, alarms, repositioning, decreased simulation

Question 15

what are some diversion activities for restraints

Answer 15

convos, videos, legos, fold towels, tv channells, ambulate

Question 16

monitoring with restraints

Answer 16

food, hydration, toileting, ROM, vital signs, circulation checks, skin integrity, correct applications

Question 17

what checks follow with continuation of restraints or discontinuation

Answer 17

mental status, cognitive functioning, level of distress/ agitation

Question 18

whats the criteria for discontinuing restraints

Answer 18

follow directions, participate in care or program, behavior changes, lines discontinued, positive response to medications

Question 19

what is RACE

Answer 19

rescue
alarm
contain
extinguish

Question 20

what is PASS for extinguishing fires

Answer 20

pull
aim
squeeze
sweep

Question 21

what is the purposes of bathing

Answer 21

cleansing skin (removing bacteria and perspiration which decreases skin irritation and infection), circulation (warm water strokes from distal to proximal promote venous return), improve self image, reduction of body odor, promotes ROM

Question 22

what are nursing advantages for bathing?

Answer 22

develop meaningful relationship and access areas

Question 23

what is one step before bathing

Answer 23

ASSESS your patient

Question 24

what are 6 factors affecting personal hygeine

Answer 24

social practices, personal preferences, body image, socioeconmic status, health beliefs, cultural variables

Question 25

4 guidelines for bathing

Answer 25

provide privacy
maintain safety
maintain warmth
promote patient independence

Question 26

types of patients that may need help with perineal care

Answer 26

vaginal discharge, catheter, skin irritation, surgical dressings, incontinent

Question 27

perineal care for women

Answer 27

• wipe labia majora (outer) from front to back in downward motion
• wipe labia minora (inner) from front to back in downward motion
• wipe down center of meatus from front to back
• if catheter in place then clean around it
• wash inner thighs from proximal to distal
• pat dry in same order as wash
• verbalize to turn patient and wash anal area from front to back

Question 28

perineal care for men

Answer 28

• retract foreskin if there
• wash around urinary meatus in circular motion
• wash down shaft of penis towards thighs
• wash scrotum front to back
• wash inner thighs
• rinse with clean wash cloth
• dry w/ clean towel in same order
• replace foreskin

Question 29

oral hygiene

Answer 29

maintains healthy state of mouth, refreshes mouth and gives sense of well being which can stimulate appetite

Question 30

3 components of oral hygiene

Answer 30

frequency, assistance needed, abnormalities

Question 31

brushing teeth in an unconscious patient

Answer 31

prevent aspiration and keep mouth open

Question 32

preventing aspiration (unconscious)

Answer 32

lateral position with head turned to the side, have head tip a little so fluid will naturally flow out, have bulb syringe or suction machine near by

Question 33

what is one thing you should not do when providing oral care for unconscious patient

Answer 33

never stick fingers inside mouth bc could have natural reflex of clamping teeth shut

Question 34

what are two major goals in hair care

Answer 34

providing circulation and preventing matting

Question 35

what should you assess while brushing patient hair

Answer 35

scalp lesions, dandruff, parasitic infestations, quality of hair, appearance

Question 36

how to provide safety while shaving

Answer 36

skin must be softened to prevent scraping and pulling, place warm washcloth over area then provide gel or cream, hold razor at 45 degree angle, pull skin taut, shave in direction of hair growth

Question 37

what patients must electric shavers be used for

Answer 37

risk for bleeding, confused, or depressed

Question 38

how should nails be taught to be cut

Answer 38

straight across

Question 39

hearing aid procedures

Answer 39

check device is functioning, clear any oils cerumen, device is off and volume down before insertion, pull earlobe down while pressing inward when inserting, turn on and adjust volume, ask pateint for comfort and can hear

Question 40

what are common nursing diagnoses for hygiene

Answer 40

activity intolerance, bathing self care deficit, dressing self care deficit, impaired physical mobility, impaired oral mucous membrane, ineffective health maintenance, and risk for infection

Question 41

what are common household things that increase risks for falls

Answer 41

inadequate lighting, barriers among normal walking paths, loose rugs and carpeting, lack of safety devices