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Rigging > Week 2 (Ropes/Knots/Splices) > Flashcards

Week 2 (Ropes/Knots/Splices) Flashcards

1
Q

what are three common types of rope used?

A

Natural
Synthetic
Wire rope

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2
Q

what is generally the only natural fiber rope used for rigging purposes?

A

1 grade manila

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3
Q

manila rope is subject to _____ and many companies __________the use of it?

A

rot/prohibit

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4
Q

natural fiber ropes must be removed from service when what conditions are found?

A

-abnormal wear
-powdered fiber in strands
-broken/cut fibers
-variations in size or roundness of strands

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5
Q

what kind of rope do these characteristics describe?
-high weight and strength ratio/ absorbs little moisture/doesn’t stiffen when wet/good dielectric properties/resistant to damage caused by water, mildew?

A

Synthetic

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6
Q

_______ rope can be 2 1/2 times stringer than _______ of the same diameter?

A

synthetic/manila

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7
Q

synthetic ropes are made out of what materials?

A

nylon, polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene

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8
Q

what are the characteristics of 1/2 inch, three strand synthetic rope?

A

-6.7 lbs per 100 foot
-catalog breaking strength of 5,800 lbs

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9
Q

what is duraplex rope commonly used for?

A

hand lines

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10
Q

what is the catalog breaking strength of 1/2 inch duraplex rope?

A

6,700 lbs

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11
Q

what common situations is tenex rope used for?

A

pulling and stringing, climbing and rigging

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12
Q

what is the catalog breaking strength of tenex?

A

11,800 lbs

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13
Q

what are the limitations for synthetic rope?

A

strands can melt with heat or flame, sharp edges and abrasions under tension

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14
Q

what is considered the strongest wire rope?

A

improved plow steel

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15
Q

what are the three basic grades of steel wire rope from lowest to highest?

A

-mild plow steel
-plow steel
-improved plow

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16
Q

in what obvious situation should wire rope be avoided?

A

when working with energized conductors

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17
Q

what are some problems with use and care of wire rope?

A

must be kept out of weather, rust can damage on the inside leaving outside looking ok, kinking or bending, broken strands

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18
Q

what can sand and dirt do to ropes?

A

cut individual fibers (synthetic)
rust (wire rope)

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19
Q

always ______ ______ _________ and ________ standards for care, use, and inspection of rope?

A

review manufacture recommendations/
OSHA

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20
Q

what is the minimum proper care for ropes?

A

-clean and dry when stored
-hung in neat coils with no kinks/twists
-remove splinters, thorns, burs, sand and gravel
-avoid contact with chemicals

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21
Q

CBS or catalog breaking strength, is defined as what?

A

average force in lbs needed to break a rope?

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22
Q

WLL, or working load limit of a rope is the?

A

max load that should ever be applied

23
Q

if a rope has a catalog breaking strength, why does it also need a working load limit?

A

to ensure longevity and integrity

24
Q

what are some other names for WLL?

A

safe working load, max load value, rated capacity

25
Q

the working load limit (WLL) of a rope is _____ or _____ of the catalog breaking strength (CBS).

A

1/5 or 20%

26
Q

an arbitrary number used to calculate a ropes working load limit?

A

design factor

27
Q

what is dynamic loading?

A

when a rope is exposed to severe conditions and normal working load limit no longer applies.

28
Q

what are examples of dynamic loading?

A
  • shock loading
  • high temp exposure
  • excessive use
  • extended periods under load
29
Q

how do you calculate working load limit?

A

divide the catalog breaking strength by the design factor

30
Q

what is the WLL of a rope with a standard design factor of 5 and CBS of 7,000 lbs?

A

1,400 lbs

31
Q

what is the weakest point of a rope?

A

the knot or splice

32
Q

what is the efficiency rating of a bowline?

A

65%

33
Q

what is a bowline used for?

A

used to make a temporary eye

34
Q

if a bowline, rated at 65% efficiency, is tied to a rope with 1000 lbs of CBS, when will the rope break?

A

CBS (1000) x .65 (65%) =650 lbs

35
Q

what is the efficiency rating of a running bowline?

A

50%

36
Q

what is a running bowline commonly used for?

A

when a choke is needed

37
Q

what is the efficiency rating of a bowline on a bite?

A

65%

38
Q

when is a bowline on a bite used?

A

when a temporary eye is needed and the available rope is longer than desired

39
Q

both the ______ and _______________ are easily untied even under heavy strain?

A

bowline/bowline on a bite

40
Q

what is the efficiency rating of a clove hitch?

A

60%

41
Q

what is the clove hitch used for?

A

fasten a rope around an object

42
Q

what is the efficiency rating of a square knot?

A

60%

43
Q

what is a sheet bend used for?

A

joining two different sized ropes temporarily

44
Q

what is a slip knot used for? when should it not be used?

A

hoisting tools or materials/under heavy strain

45
Q

what is a grunt knot used for?

A

tying to a hand line when a hook is not available

46
Q

what is a snubbing knot used for?

A

controlling tension

47
Q

what is the efficiency rating of a snubbing knot?

A

50%

48
Q

used to make a permanent eye in the end of a rope or permanently join 2 ends of same sized rope together?

A

splice

49
Q

what is the efficiency rating of a splice?

A

95%

50
Q

what is the efficiency rating of a short splice?

A

90%

51
Q

_____ are almost as strong as the rope. _______ significantly reduce the strength of a rope?

A

splices/knots

52
Q

used to join the ends of to identical ropes together or remove a damaged portion.

A

short splice

53
Q

what is a back splice used for?

A

prevents ends from fraying

54
Q

how many tucks should be used when back splicing?

A

4

Rigging (4 decks)

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