Week 2 Reading

Question 1

Which definition is being described?:

direction and intensity of effort.

Answer 1

Motivation

Question 2

Which definition is being described?:

refers to whether an individual seeks out,
approaches, or is attracted to situations.

Answer 2

Direction of effort

Question 3

Which definition is being described?:

refers to how much effort an individual puts
forth in a situation.

Answer 3

Intensity of effort

Question 4

Are direction and intensify of effort closely related?

Answer 4

Yes, they are

Question 5

Which view of motivation is being described?:

Motivated behavior is primarily a
function of individual characteristics.

Answer 5

Trait-centered view

Question 6

Which view of motivation is being described?:

Motivation level is determined
primarily by situation.

Answer 6

Situation-centered view

Question 7

Which view of motivation is being described?:

Motivated behavior results from the
interaction of participant factors and situational factors.

Answer 7

Interactional view

Question 8

How many guidelines are there for building motivation?

Answer 8

Five

Question 9

Which guideline of building motivation is being described?:

Consider both situations and traits in
motivating people.

Answer 9

Guideline 1

Question 10

Which guideline of building motivation is being described?:

Understand people’s multiple motives for
involvement.

Answer 10

Guideline 2

Question 11

Which theory of motivation is being described?:

contends that people are motivated to satisfy three general needs:
• Competence (e.g., “I am a good runner.”)
• Autonomy (e.g., A pitcher loves to decide what pitches to throw
and to have the fate of the game in his or her hands.)
• Social connectedness or belonging (e.g., A soccer player loves to be part of the team.)

Answer 11

Self-determination theory

Question 12

Which guideline for building motivation is being described?:

Change the environment to enhance
motivation.
• Provide both competitive and recreational opportunities.
• Provide multiple motives and opportunities.
• Adjust to individuals in groups.

Answer 12

Guideline 3

Question 13

Which guideline for building motivation is being described?:

Influence motivation.
• Leader actions and inactions influence participant motivation.
• Infuse variety in programming.
• Use technology to enhance motivation.

Answer 13

Guideline 4

Question 14

Which guideline for building motivation is being described?:

Use behavior modification to change
undesirable participant motives.

Answer 14

Guideline 5

Question 15

Which definition is being described?:

is a blend of physiological and psychological
activation, varying in intensity along a continuum.

Answer 15

Arousal

Question 16

Which definition is being described?:

is a negative emotional state with feelings of worry, nervousness, and apprehension associated with activation or arousal of the body.

Answer 16

Anxiety

Question 17

Which definition is being described?:

refers to an emotional state characterized by
subjective, consciously perceived feelings of apprehension and tension, accompanied by or associated with activation or arousal of the autonomic nervous system. It is a right-now feeling of nervousness and apprehension that can
change from moment to moment.

Answer 17

State anxiety

Question 18

What are the two types of state anxiety?

Answer 18

• Cognitive state anxiety
• Somatic state anxiety

Question 19

Which type of state anxiety is being described?:

is the degree to which one worries
or has negative thoughts.

Answer 19

Cognitive state anxiety

Question 20

Which type of state anxiety is being described?:

concerns the moment-to-moment changes in perceived physiological activation.

Answer 20

Somatic state anxiety

Question 21

Which type of state anxiety is being described?:

is the degree to which one believes one has the resources and ability to meet challenges.

Answer 21

Perceived control state anxiety

Question 22

Which definition is being described?:

is a personality disposition that is stable over
time. It is an acquired disposition that predisposes a person to perceive a wide range of objectively
nondangerous circumstances as threatening and to respond to these with disproportionate state anxiety levels.

Answer 22

Trait anxiety

Question 23

Which definition is being described?:

are “an organized psychophysiological reaction
to ongoing relationships with the environment, most often, but not always, interpersonal or social, involving subjective experiences, observable actions or impulses to act, and physiological change” (Lazarus, 2000).
• ——— have both physiological and psychological components.

Answer 23

Emotions

Question 24

Are emotions positive or negative?

Answer 24

Emotions can be BOTH positive and negative

Question 25

Which definition is being described?:

A substantial imbalance between physical and
psychological demands placed on an individual and his or her response capability under conditions in which failure to meet demands has important consequences

Answer 25

Stress

Question 26

Which definition is being described?:

Implications of the stress process for practice (intervene at any of the stress process stages)

Answer 26

Stress process

Question 27

What is stage 1 of stress?

Answer 27

Environmental demand (physical and psychological)

Question 28

What is stage 2 of stress?

Answer 28

Individual’s perception of the environmental demand (amount if psychological r physical “threat perceived”)

Question 29

What is stage 3 of stress?

Answer 29

Stress response (physical and psychological)
- arousal
- state anxiety (cognitive and somatic)
- muscle tension
- attention changes

Question 30

Which source of stress and anxiety of being described?:

• Event importance
• Uncertainty

Answer 30

Situational sources

Question 31

Which source of stress and anxiety is being described?:

• trait anxiety
• self-esteem
• social physique anxiety

Answer 31

Personal sources

Question 32

How is cognitive anxiety related to performance?

Answer 32

It is negatively related to performance

Question 33

How is somatic anxiety related to performance?

Answer 33

It is related to performance in an inverted-U pattern

Question 34

Which definition is being described?:

is perceived as facilitative or debilitative
depending on how much control the person perceives.

Answer 34

State anxiety