Week 2: Programming in Python Flashcards
What is computer programming?
A. Designing computer hardware
B. Writing instructions or code that a computer can execute to perform specific tasks
C. Creating network protocols
D. Developing operating systems
B. Writing instructions or code that a computer can execute to perform specific tasks
Explanation: Computer programming involves writing instructions or code that a computer can execute to perform specific tasks.
What is an algorithm?
A. A type of data structure
B. A step-by-step procedure to solve a problem or perform a computation
C. A network protocol
D. A programming language
B. A step-by-step procedure to solve a problem or perform a computation
Explanation: An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure to solve a problem or perform a computation.
What is a flowchart used for?
A. Writing code
B. Representing processes using symbols such as arrows, rectangles, and diamonds
C. Designing computer hardware
D. Developing operating systems
B. Representing processes using symbols such as arrows, rectangles, and diamonds
Explanation: A flowchart is a visual tool used to understand and represent processes using symbols such as arrows, rectangles, and diamonds.
What are low-level programming languages?
A. Machine language and assembly code
B. Python and Java
C. HTML and CSS
D. SQL and NoSQL
A. Machine language and assembly code
Explanation: Low-level programming languages include machine language, which uses binary (0 and 1), and assembly code, which uses short codes.
What does syntax refer to in programming?
A. The meaning of the written code
B. The rules defining how code should be written
C. The type of data structure used
D. The number of input values
B. The rules defining how code should be written
Explanation: Syntax refers to the rules defining how code should be written in a programming language.
What is procedural programming?
A. Using objects and classes
B. Using functions and procedures
C. Using mathematical functions
D. Using network protocols
B. Using functions and procedures
Explanation: Procedural programming uses functions and procedures to structure the code.
What is a variable in programming?
A. A type of data structure
B. A storage location for values in memory
C. A network protocol
D. A programming language
B. A storage location for values in memory
Explanation: A variable is a storage location in memory that can hold different values.
What are arithmetic operators used for?
A. Comparing two values
B. Performing basic mathematical calculations
C. Combining Boolean expressions
D. Defining data types
B. Performing basic mathematical calculations
Explanation: Arithmetic operators are used for performing basic mathematical calculations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
What is a function in programming?
A. A type of data structure
B. A reusable block of code that performs a specific task
C. A network protocol
D. A programming language
B. A reusable block of code that performs a specific task
Explanation: A function is a reusable block of code that performs a specific task.
What is the first step in the program development process?
A. Coding
B. Problem definition
C. Testing and debugging
D. Maintenance
B. Problem definition
Explanation: The first step in the program development process is problem definition, which involves understanding what needs to be solved.
What is a syntax error?
A. An error that occurs while the program is running
B. A violation of the rules defining how code should be written
C. An incorrect logical flaw in the program
D. A type of data structure
B. A violation of the rules defining how code should be written
Explanation: A syntax error is a violation of the rules defining how code should be written, preventing the code from executing.
What is a sequence structure in programming?
A. A loop that repeats a statement
B. The execution of code line by line in a linear order
C. A decision-making structure
D. A type of data structure
B. The execution of code line by line in a linear order
Explanation: A sequence structure is the simplest programming structure where the execution of code occurs line by line in a linear order.
What is a selection (decision) structure used for?
A. Repeating a statement
B. Deciding whether a given condition is true or false
C. Defining data types
D. Combining Boolean expressions
B. Deciding whether a given condition is true or false
Explanation: A selection (decision) structure is used for decision-making by evaluating whether a given condition is true or false.
What is a repetition (loop) structure used for?
A. Defining data types
B. Repeating a statement until a given condition is satisfied
C. Combining Boolean expressions
D. Comparing two values
B. Repeating a statement until a given condition is satisfied
Explanation: A repetition (loop) structure is used to repeat a statement again and again until a given condition is satisfied.
hat is the main difference between compilation and interpretation?
A. Compilation translates code into machine code before execution, while interpretation translates and executes code line by line
B. Compilation is faster than interpretation
C. Interpretation is faster than compilation
D. Compilation and interpretation are the same
A. Compilation translates code into machine code before execution, while interpretation translates and executes code line
Explanation: The main difference between compilation and interpretation is that compilation translates code into machine code before execution, while interpretation translates and executes code line by line.
Which programming language is known for being simpler and easier to learn?
A. Java
B. Python
C. C++
D. Assembly
B. Python
Python Explanation: Python is known for being simpler and easier to learn compared to other programming languages like Java.
How is Python executed?
A. Compiled into bytecode
B. Interpreted line by line
C. Translated into machine code before execution
D. Executed by the Java Virtual Machine (JVM)
B. Interpreted line by line
Explanation: Python is an interpreted language, meaning it is executed line by line.
How do you print “Hello, World!” in Python?
A. System.out.println(“Hello, World!”);
B. print(“Hello, World!”)
C. echo “Hello, World!”;
D. printf(“Hello, World!”);
B. print(“Hello, World!”)
Explanation: In Python, you print “Hello, World!” using the print function: print(“Hello, World!”).
Which language is best for automation, data science, AI, and web development?
A. Java
B. Python
C. C++
D. Assembly
B. Python
Explanation: Python is best suited for automation, data science, AI, and web development due to its simplicity, ease of use, and extensive libraries.
Which language is known for high performance and developing large-scale applications like enterprise software?
A. Java
B. Python
C. C++
D. Assembly
A. Java
Explanation: Java is known for its high performance and is commonly used for developing large-scale applications like enterprise software.
How is Java executed?
A. Compiled into bytecode and executed by the Java Virtual Machine (JVM)
B. Interpreted line by line
C. Translated into machine code before execution
D. Executed directly by the operating system
A. Compiled into bytecode and executed by the Java Virtual Machine (JVM)
Explanation: Java code is compiled into bytecode, which is then executed by the Java Virtual Machine (JVM), allowing it to run on any platform that has a JVM.
Differences between Python and Java (continued)
Question 24: What is a key characteristic of Python’s syntax?
A. Strict with using curly braces and semicolons
B. Simple and easy to read
C. Complex and difficult to learn
D. Requires extensive memory management
B. Simple and easy to read
Explanation: Python’s syntax is known for being simple and easy to read, making it an accessible language for beginners and experienced programmers alike.
What is a common use case for Java?
A. Web development
B. Developing large-scale applications like enterprise software
C. Data science
D. Automation
B. Developing large-scale applications like enterprise software
Explanation: Java is commonly used for developing large-scale applications like enterprise software due to its performance and scalability.
What is a common use case for Python?
A. Automation, data science, AI, and web development
B. Developing large-scale applications like enterprise software
C. System programming
D. Embedded systems
A. Automation, data science, AI, and web development
Explanation: Python is widely used for automation, data science, AI, and web development due to its simplicity and extensive libraries.
When are errors detected in a compiled language?
A. Before execution
B. During execution
C. After execution
D. Errors are not detected
A. Before execution
Explanation: In a compiled language, errors are detected before execution during the compilation process.
When are errors detected in an interpreted language?
A. Before execution
B. During execution
C. After execution
D. Errors are not detected
B. During execution
Explanation: In an interpreted language, errors are detected during execution as the code is translated and executed line by line.
What is an example of a selection (decision) structure in Python?
A. for loop
B. if-else statement
C. print statement
D. variable declaration
B. if-else statement
Explanation: An if-else statement is an example of a selection (decision) structure in Python, used to execute different blocks of code based on whether a condition is true or false.
What is an example of a repetition (loop) structure in Python?
A. for loop
B. if-else statement
C. print statement
D. variable declaration
A. for loop
Explanation: A for loop is an example of a repetition (loop) structure in Python, used to repeat a block of code a specified number of times.
