Week 2: Nutrition Slides

Question 1

What are the 3 macronutrients ?

Answer 1

• Carbohydrates
• Lipids
• Proteins

Question 2

What is the energy unit of a nutrient called?

Answer 2

Calories

Question 3

What are the 3 micronutrients?

Answer 3

• Minerals
• Vitamins
• Water

Question 4

Define: Essential Nutrients

Answer 4

• Must be taken in with foods

- Can be used to build other nutrients

Question 5

3 Types of Carbohydrates?

Answer 5

1) Monosaccharides (one sugar)
ex: fructose, glucose

2) Disaccharides (made up of 2 sugars)
ex: lactose, sucrose

3) Polysaccharides (large, contains tens/hundreds of sugars)
ex: Glycogen(animals– found in muscle and liver tissues), Cellulose(plants)

Question 6

What are Carbohydrates, its digestion and absorption route?

Answer 6

• sugars and starches

- digests into building blocks and absorbed through the gastrointestinal(GI) tract

Question 7

Carbohydrates: What is Cellulose?

Answer 7

• a (polysaccharide) starch found in the structure of plant cell walls
• cannot be digested or absorbed by humans

Question 8

What are the functions of Carbohydrates?

Answer 8

• Provide the body with energy
• Can be stored (glycogen)
• Can be converted to fats (adipose tissues)
• Starting material for new molecules

Question 9

What are Lipids?

Answer 9

• Insoluble in water
• Includes:
  
  • > triglycerides(fats and oils),
  • > phospholipids (2 fatty acid tails + phosphate group),
  • > steroids
  • > cholesterol