Week 2 - Neuronatomy Flashcards
What are Efferent nerves?
Nerves that travel FROM CNS
What are Afferent nerves?
Nerves that travel TO CNS
What cells are part of the nervous system?
Nerve cells such as neurons which are electrical
Supporting cells such as glia
What is the spinal cord divided into?
Dorsal - afferent nerves such as sensory roots
Ventral - efferent nerves such as motor roots
How many spinal nerve pairs are there?
31 pairs
How many cranial nerve pairs are there (in the brain)?
12 pairs
What is the brainstem?
Connects brain and spinal cord
Responsible for automatic survival functions such as breathing, heart rate etc
The brain stem is made up of 3 parts
What 3 parts make up the brain stem?
Midbrain
Pons
Medulla
What does the midbrain do?
(Part of brain stem)
Associated with vision, hearing, sleep, wakefulness, temperature regulation and motor control
What does the pons do?
(Part of the brain stem)
Helps to regulate breathing
What does the medulla do?
(Part of the brain stem)
Controls heart rate, breathing, blood pressure and vomiting
Receives sensory input and gives out motor output to some of the cranial nerves
What is the reticular formation?
Has widespread connections throughout the brain
Maintains consciousness and alertness
Functions in sleep and waking up from sleep
What is the thalamus?
Above the brainstem
Directs messages to sensory receiving areas
Transmits replies to cerebellum and medulla
What is the cerebellum?
Controls voluntary movement and balance
Contributes to cognitive, emotional, sensory , motor and speech processing
What is the limbic system?
It deals with basic drive, emotion and memory
Made up of areas such as the hypothalamus, hippocampus etc
What is the hypothalamus?
(Part of the limbic system)
Lies just below the thalamus
Helps control the endocrine system via the pituitary gland
Directs activities such as body temp, eating/drinking etc