Week 2 - Lumbar Spine - Muscles and Movements Flashcards

1
Q

What are the movements of the lumbar spine?

A

Flexion (approx 50-60 degrees)
Extension (approx 30 degrees)
Side flexion (approx 25 degrees)
Rotation (mean rotation 8-12 degrees in each direction)

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2
Q

Rectus Abdominus -Attachments

A

Xyphoid process, 5-7 costal cartilage

TO pubic symphysis, pubic crest

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3
Q

Rectus Abdominus - Actions

A

Trunk Flexion
CL Rotation
IL rotation
Posterior pelvis rotation

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4
Q

External Oblique - Attachments

A

Outer surfaces of ribs 5-12 and costal cartilages

TO linea alba via rectus sheath, inguinal ligament, anterior 2/3 iliac crest

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5
Q

External Oblique - Actions

A

Trunk flexion
Posterior pelvic tilt
CL trunk rotation
Lateral Flexion

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6
Q

Internal Oblique - Attachments

A

Lateral 2/3 inguinal ligament, anterior 2/3 iliac crest, TLF

TO lower borders of ribs 10-12, linea alba via rectus sheath, pectin pubis

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7
Q

Internal Oblique - Actions

A

Posterior pelvic tilt
Trunk flexion
IL rotation
Lateral flexion

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8
Q

Transversus Abdominus - Attachments

A

Internal surfaces of ribs 7-12 and costal cartilages, TL fascia, Iliac crest, lateral 1/3 inguinal ligament
TO linea alba via rectus sheath, pectin pubis

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9
Q

Transversus Abdominus - Actions

A

Raises intra-abdominal presssure

Stabilising muscle of the lumbar spine

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10
Q

Describe the rectus sheath

A

Tendon sheath, which encloses RA and pyramidal muscles. Extension of tendons of EO, IO and TA

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11
Q

Quadratus Lumborum - Attachments

A

Medial lower border of 12 rib, TP of lumbar verterbrae, Iliolumbar ligament and Iliac crest

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12
Q

Quadratus Lumborum - Action

A

Muscle of inspiration, IL side flexion, lumbar extension

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13
Q

Describe the 3 layers of the TLF

A

Posterior - superficial to erector spinae and attached to spinous processes
Middle - between erector spinae and QL, attached to transverse tips
Anterior layer - deep to QL, attached to anterior of TP

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14
Q

Describe the three parts of Erector Spinae

A

Iliocostalis - to rib angles (lumborum and thoracic)
Longissimus - to TP (Thoracis)
Spinalis - nearest SP (Thoracis)

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15
Q

Give the origin of Erector spinae

A

All three have a common tendinous origin from - lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae, sacrum, posterior aspect of iliac crest, sacroiliac and supraspinous ligaments

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16
Q

Actions of Erector Spinae

A

BL - extension, control of flexion, maintenance of lumbar lordosis
UL - IL lateral flexion, rotation

17
Q

Multifidus - attachments

A

In lumbar spine - post sacrum, mamillary process lumbar vertebrae, dorsal SI ligaments, PSIS
Insertion - 3 layers, spinous process above dependent on layer
deep - 1
middle - 2/3
superficial - 3-4

18
Q

Give the attachments of the three parts of Erector Spinae

A

Iliocostalis (lumborum, thoracis and cervicus) - the costal angle of the ribs and the cervical TP.
Longissimus (thoracic, cervicis and capitis) - lower ribs, the TP of C2 – T12, and the mastoid process of the skull
Spinalis (thoracic, cervicis and capitis) - SP of C2, T1-T8 and the occipital bone of the skull.