Week 2 - Lumbar Spine - Muscles and Movements Flashcards
What are the movements of the lumbar spine?
Flexion (approx 50-60 degrees)
Extension (approx 30 degrees)
Side flexion (approx 25 degrees)
Rotation (mean rotation 8-12 degrees in each direction)
Rectus Abdominus -Attachments
Xyphoid process, 5-7 costal cartilage
TO pubic symphysis, pubic crest
Rectus Abdominus - Actions
Trunk Flexion
CL Rotation
IL rotation
Posterior pelvis rotation
External Oblique - Attachments
Outer surfaces of ribs 5-12 and costal cartilages
TO linea alba via rectus sheath, inguinal ligament, anterior 2/3 iliac crest
External Oblique - Actions
Trunk flexion
Posterior pelvic tilt
CL trunk rotation
Lateral Flexion
Internal Oblique - Attachments
Lateral 2/3 inguinal ligament, anterior 2/3 iliac crest, TLF
TO lower borders of ribs 10-12, linea alba via rectus sheath, pectin pubis
Internal Oblique - Actions
Posterior pelvic tilt
Trunk flexion
IL rotation
Lateral flexion
Transversus Abdominus - Attachments
Internal surfaces of ribs 7-12 and costal cartilages, TL fascia, Iliac crest, lateral 1/3 inguinal ligament
TO linea alba via rectus sheath, pectin pubis
Transversus Abdominus - Actions
Raises intra-abdominal presssure
Stabilising muscle of the lumbar spine
Describe the rectus sheath
Tendon sheath, which encloses RA and pyramidal muscles. Extension of tendons of EO, IO and TA
Quadratus Lumborum - Attachments
Medial lower border of 12 rib, TP of lumbar verterbrae, Iliolumbar ligament and Iliac crest
Quadratus Lumborum - Action
Muscle of inspiration, IL side flexion, lumbar extension
Describe the 3 layers of the TLF
Posterior - superficial to erector spinae and attached to spinous processes
Middle - between erector spinae and QL, attached to transverse tips
Anterior layer - deep to QL, attached to anterior of TP
Describe the three parts of Erector Spinae
Iliocostalis - to rib angles (lumborum and thoracic)
Longissimus - to TP (Thoracis)
Spinalis - nearest SP (Thoracis)
Give the origin of Erector spinae
All three have a common tendinous origin from - lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae, sacrum, posterior aspect of iliac crest, sacroiliac and supraspinous ligaments