Week 2- Infection Control

Question 1

True or false: Infection can be defined as “A disease state resulting from the invasion and growth of pathogens in the body”

Answer 1

Answer: True

Question 2

True or false: A pathogen can cause an infection

Answer 2

Answer: True

Question 3

True or false: Multidrug-resistant organisms are easily treated with antibiotics and, because of that, are not a risk in facilities.

Answer 3

Answer: False

Question 4

True or false: Older adults often do not show the usual signs of infection.

Answer 4

Answer: True

Question 5

True or false: A person who is colonized by a pathogen cannot transfer the pathogen to others.

Answer 5

Answer: False

Question 6

True or false: The presence of illness and the use of invasive devices increase the risk of infection.

Answer 6

Answer: True

Question 7

True or false: Wash your hands before or after giving care

Answer 7

Answer: False

Question 8

True or false: You should hold your hands and forearms up during the handwashing procedure.

Answer 8

Answer: False

Question 9

True or false: The duration of the hand-wash is not important

Answer 9

Answer: False

Question 10

True or false: Disinfecting items usually involves chemical

Answer 10

Answer: True

Question 11

True or false: Unused items in a client’s room can be used for another client.

Answer 11

Answer: False

Question 12

True or false: Isolation precautions include Standard Practices and Transmission-Based Practices

Answer 12

Answer: True

Question 13

True or false: Standard Practices are used only when the client has a specific contagious disease

Answer 13

Answer: False

Question 14

True or false: Transmission-Based Practices are guidelines that help keep pathogens within one area, usually the client’s room

Answer 14

Answer: True

Question 15

True or false: Gloves are worn at all times

Answer 15

Answer: False

Question 16

True or false: A mask is contaminated when moist

Answer 16

Answer: True

Question 17

True or false: Goggles, masks, and gowns are worn when there is a risk of splashing blood or body fluids.

Answer 17

Answer: True

Question 18

True or false: You do not need to report a sharps injury if the bleeding is not severe

Answer 18

Answer: False

Question 19

True or false: Double-bagging always requires two people.

Answer 19

Answer: True

Question 20

True or false: An item is sterile if nonpathogens are present

Answer 20

Answer: False

Question 21

True or false: A sterile item can touch only another sterile item

Answer 21

Answer: True

Question 22

True or false: The 2.5cm edge around a sterile field is considered contaminated

Answer 22

Answer: True

Question 23

Chose the best answer: Most pathogens are destroyed by:

a) Water
b) High Heat
c) Oxygen
d) Nourishment

Answer 23

Answer: B (High-heat)

Question 24

Chose the best answer: Aseptic practices:

a) Destroy spores
b) Reduce the number of microbes
c) Are a link in the chain of infection
d) Destroy all microbes- pathogens and nonpathogens

Answer 24

Answer: B (Reduce the number of microbes)

Question 25

Chose the best answer: Standard practices: a) Are used for all clients b) Involve surgical asepsis c) Prevent the spread of airborne pathogens d) Are not necessary for children or older adults

Answer 25

Answer: A (used for all clients)

Question 26

Chose the best answer: Gloves are always worn in the following situations: a) When washing a person's face b) When the client has a cold c) While washing spilled juice from the floor d) If you bite your fingernails

Answer 26

Answer: D (if you bite your fingernails)

Question 27

Proper use of personal protective equipment involves the following: a) Reusing your face mask after your break b) Using waterless hand sanitizer on disposable gloves for reuse c) Removing personal protective equipment after leaving the work area d) Wearing gloves when touching a contaminated item or surface

Answer 27

Answer: D (wearing gloves when touching a contaminated item or surface)

Question 28

Chose the best answer: A microorganism is: a) A microbe that can cause harm, such as an infection or a disease b) A small living plant or animal only seen with a microscope that are everywhere, can be harmful and cause an infection c) A microbe that does not usually cause an infection or disease and is not harmful to humans d) Microbes that only live in organic matter such as plants and animals

Answer 28

Answer: B (A microorganism is a small living plant or animal that can be seen only with a microscope, that are everywhere, can be harmful and cause and infection)

Question 29

Chose all that apply: What are the four major types of microbes: a) Parasites b) Endospore c) Viruses d) Bacteria e) Pathogen f) Fungi

Answer 29

Answer: A, C, D, F

Question 30

Chose all that apply: The requirements for microbes are: a) Need a reservoir (host) to live and grow in b) Need water and nourishment from the reservoir c) Most need oxygen to live d) A warm dark environment is needed e) Most grow best at body temperature f) They can be destroyed by heat and light

Answer 30

Answer: All are correct about microbes

Question 31

True or false: Antibiotics are effective against viruses

Answer 31

Answer: False (some antiviral medications can kill specific viruses)

Question 32

# Fill in the blank: Bacteria microbes are surrounded by a protective shell called ___ which protects them from harsh environmental conditions, making them difficult to kill. a) Candida b) Lytic shell c) Endospores d) Girardia

Answer 32

Answer: C (Endospores)

Question 33

True or false: A vaccine is a suspension containing a live or killed bacterium or virus that is administered for the purpose of inducing active immunity to a specific infectious disease.

Answer 33

Answer: True

Question 34

Chose all that apply: Normal flora: a) Microbes that live and grow naturally in a certain area b) They are nonpathogens when in a natural reservoir c) When a nonpathogen is transmitted from its natural site another site or host, it becomes a pathogen

Answer 34

Answer: All

Question 35

True or false: Microbes are destroyed by a warm, dark environment

Answer 35

Answer: False (Microbes live and grow in a warm and dark environment)

Question 36

True or false: Items can be sterilized in the home with boiling water.

Answer 36

Answer: True (high-heat temperatures will kill both pathogens and the spores)

Question 37

True or false: If you must transport a client with an infection that requires droplet or airborne precautions out of his or her room, the client must wear a disposable gown.

Answer 37

Answer: False (They must wear a mask)

Question 38

True or false: When you remove gloves, the inside is considered clean.

Answer 38

Answer: True

Question 39

True or false: If a sterile item touches a clean item, the sterile item is considered contaminated

Answer 39

Answer: True (only a sterile item can touch another sterile item)

Question 40

True or false: If a clean item touches a sterile item, the clean item is considered contaminated.

Answer 40

Answer: False

Question 41

True or false: If a sterile item is above your waist, it is contaminated

Answer 41

Answer: False (if it falls below your waist it is considered contaminated)

Question 42

True or false: Microbes exist in six different forms

Answer 42

Answer: False

Question 43

True or false: Animals are common reservoirs for microbes

Answer 43

Answer: True

Question 44

True or false: Hands should be held up throughout the handwashing procedure

Answer 44

Answer: False

Question 45

True or false: Paper towels are used to turn off hand--operated water faucets to avoid contaminating the hands

Answer 45

Answer: True

Question 46

True or false: Mr. Fox has an infection caused by a wound on his leg. This infection can exit Mr. Fox's body through his wound

Answer 46

Answer: True

Question 47

True or false: Pathogens from Mr. Fox's infection cannot enter another person's body through a portal of entry

Answer 47

Answer: False

Question 48

True or false: Portals of entry can include mucous membranes

Answer 48

Answer: True

Question 49

True or false: The easiest and most important way to prevent the spread of infection is by eating well and staying fit

Answer 49

Answer: False

Question 50

True or false: Nosocomial or health-care associated infections (HAI's) are acquired after a person's released from a health-care facility

Answer 50

Answer: False (acquired once admitted to the hospital that was not present during admissions)

Question 51

True or false: The respiratory tract is one of the most common sites for nosocomial or health-care associated infections (HAIs)

Answer 51

Answer: True

Question 52

True or false: When cleaning equipment, the support worker should rinse the item first in cold water

Answer 52

Answer: True (if you rinse in warm or hot water the proteins of the microbes can become thick, sticky and hard to remove)

Question 53

True or false: An effective and cheap disinfectant for home use may be made by mixing 1 cup bleach with 3 parts water

Answer 53

Answer: False (uses vinegar 1 cup)

Question 54

True or false: After preparing the effective and cheap disinfectant solution from the above question, it should be labelled "toxic cleaner"

Answer 54

Answer: False

Question 55

True or false: A simple way to sterilize items in the home is to pour boiling water over them

Answer 55

Answer: True

Question 56

True or false: After a mask has been worn, the outside part is considered to be contaminated

Answer 56

Answer: True

Question 57

True or false: Gloves should be changed between tasks (procedures) on the same client

Answer 57

Answer: True

Question 58

# Choose all of the correct answers: Signs and symptoms of systemic infection include: a) Behavioral changes (especially in older adults) b) Swelling and redness of the area c) Presence of dandruff and itchy scalp d) Low body temperature e) Chills f) Decreased pulse g) Increased respiratory rate h) Fatigue and loss of energy i) Increased appetite j) Discharge from the infected area that may have a foul odour

Answer 58

Answers: A, B, E, G, H, J

Question 59

# Choose all that apply: Nancy is a support worker caring for a client in the home. She should wash her hands: a) Approximately one half hour before and after giving care b) Only when the hands are visibly soiled c) After contact with her own or another's blood, body fluids, secretions, or excretions d) After touching objects that are contaminated (eg. soiled linens, garbage bags) e) Before and after preparing and handling only foods that must be heated f) Before feeding the client g) While wearing gloves h) After personal body functions (eg. going to the bathroom, sneezing)

Answer 59

Answers: C, D, F, H

Question 60

What guidelines should be followed when cleaning equipment? Choose all that apply: a) Wear PPE when cleaning items that may be contaminated with blood, body fluids, secretions, or excretions b) Wash the item with soap and bleach c) Scrub the item thoroughly d) After cleaning, rinse the item in cold water e) Dry the item

Answer 60

Answers: A, C, E

Question 61

# Choose all of the correct answers: You should allow a client to see your face before you put on personal protective equipment: a) Because children may be afraid if they cannot see your face b) Because clients with confusion or dementia may be afraid if they cannot see your face c) To avoid clients thinking you are there to rob them

Answer 61

Answers: A & B

Question 62

# Choose all of the correct answers: When you are assigned to care for a client in isolation, you should tell the nurse if you have: a) Tattoos under your uniform b) Broken skin on your face, arms, or legs c) Fever d) Vomiting e) Diarrhea f) Sore throat g) Asthma

Answer 62

Answers: B-G

Question 63

# Choose all of the correct answers: The type of sharps containers in home care include: a) Containers according to employer policy b) Containers that you can easily open to empty c) Containers that are puncture-resistant d) Containers that are leak-proof

Answer 63

Answers: A, C, D

Question 64

# Choose all of the correct answers: When you care for a client with an infection, what precautions should be used when handling contaminated laundry? a) Sort or rinse only in client care area b) Hold soiled linens away from your uniform. Wear gloves. c) Remove soiled linens by folding them with the cleanest areas in the center d) Linen contaminated with blood, body fluids, secretions, or excretions must be placed in a sturdy-leak proof laundry bag labelled biohazard e) Bag soiled linen in the room where it was used

Answer 64

Answers: B. D, E