Week 2: How the elements are formed (part 2)

Question 1

Who originated the atom concept ?

Answer 1

Leucippus of Miletus,

Question 2

Who helped refine and extend the atom concept in future years ?

Answer 2

Democritus

Question 3

known as the “Laughing Philosopher”

Answer 3

Democritus

Question 4

Who is the earliest known Greek philosopher ?

Answer 4

Thales of Miletus

Question 5

Point #1

Answer 5

All matter is composed of atoms, which are bits of matter too small to be seen. These atoms CANNOT be further split into smaller portions.

Question 6

Point #2

Answer 6

There is a void, which is empty space between atoms.

Question 7

pure substance that cannot be separated into any other substances

Answer 7

element

Question 8

there are how many naturally occurring elements ?

Answer 8

92

Question 9

The smallest particle of an element that still has the properties of that element is what?

Answer 9

the atom

Question 10

For about 2000 years, people accepted ____ idea that all matter is made up of just four elements: earth,air, water, and fire

Answer 10

Aristotle

Question 11

Starting about ____ years ago, scientists began discovering all of the elements that are known today.

Answer 11

500

Question 12

Why is gold considered to be valuable?

Answer 12

Because it was fairly rare and it is also a common means of paying for goods and services

Question 13

Who owned the gold mines during the ancient Egyptian and Roman civilizations?

Answer 13

the gold mines were property of the state not an individual or group

Question 14

What contributions to modern chemistry were made by the alchemists?

Answer 14

Early acids and bases were discovered aand it helped improve the study of metallurgy and the extraction of metal ores

Question 15

electron:

Answer 15

A negatively charged particle that has a very small mass compared to the mass of other subatomic particles and surrounds the atom.

Question 16

plum pudding model:

Answer 16

An experiment, led by J.J. Thomson, which proposed that the atom was comprised of negatively charged particles in a disperse field of positively charged particles.

Question 17

radioactivity:

Answer 17

When certain substances emit charged particles.

Question 18

gold foil experiment:

Answer 18

An experiment, led by Ernest Rutherford, which proposed that atoms consist of a small positively charged nucleus surrounded by negatively charged electrons.

Question 19

proton:

Answer 19

A positively charged particle that has a relatively large mass compared to electrons. Protons can be found in the nucleus of the atom.

Question 20

neutron:

Answer 20

An uncharged particle with a mass nearly equal to that of the proton. Neutrons can be found in the nucleus of the atom

Question 21

the atom is comprised of three subatomic particles called

Answer 21

electrons, neutrons, and protons

Question 22

Who discovered cathode rays, which later became known as electrons?

Answer 22

William Crookes

Question 23

Crookes discovered these rays using an apparatus he developed called the Crookes tube or the _______

Answer 23

cathode ray tube

Question 24

which were initially called cathode rays, are negatively charged and have a very small mass compared to the masses of other subatomic particles

Answer 24

electrons

Question 25

Who discovered X-rays?

Answer 25

Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen

Question 26

Who showed that cathode rays are deflected in a magnetic field and proposed that cathoderays are streams of negatively charged particles?

Answer 26

J. J. Thomson

Question 27

This model described the atom as a disperse field of positive charge containing small negatively charged particles

Answer 27

Plum pudding model

Question 28

Who proposed the plum-pudding model of the atom?

Answer 28

Thomson

Question 29

In 1909, the magnitude of the charge carried by an electron was determined by who in an experiment known as the oil drop experiment?

Answer 29

Robert Millikan

Question 30

In 1919, who discovered the presence of a positively charged nucleus with his famous gold foil experiment ?

Answer 30

Rutherford

Question 31

In 1932, who discovered the neutron, a particle with a mass similar to that of the proton but without any electrical charge?

Answer 31

Chadwick

Question 32

_____ are particles with a mass similar to that of the proton, but they have no electrical charge. they also reside in the nucleus

Answer 32

neutrons

Question 33

The nucleus contains two types of subatomic particles:

Answer 33

protons and nuetrons

Question 34

positively charged subatomic particle in a nucleus

Answer 34

protons

Question 35

subatomic particle in a nucleus with no charge

Answer 35

neutrons