week 2 genetics

Question 1

sister chromatids

Answer 1

identical copies of chromatids formed by DNA replication of a chromosome, with both copies joined by a common centromere

Question 2

homologous chromosome

Answer 2

set one maternal and one paternal chromosome that pairs up inside a cell during cell division

Question 3

centromere

Answer 3

essential for cell divisions of cell
ensures accurate segregation of chromosomes
the most constricted part of a chromosome
holds two chromatids together

Question 4

telomere

Answer 4

a region of the repetitive nucleotide sequence at the end of a chromosome that protects it from deterioration or fusion of neighboring chromosomes

Question 5

how are chromosomes classified

Answer 5

according to their position of the centromere

Question 6

telocentric

Answer 6

centromere found at the end of a chromosome which means there is no p arm , it does not exist in humans

Question 7

acrocentric

Answer 7

centromere severely offset the center leading up to a much shorter p arm

Question 8

submetacentric

Answer 8

the centromere is off-center leading to a shorter p arm relative to q arm

Question 9

metacentric

Answer 9

the centromere is at the middle which means p and q arm are of comparable length

Question 10

karyotype

Answer 10

an individual s collection of chromosomes
it is the number and appearance of chromosomes in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell
involves isolation, staining, and visual examination

Question 11

karyotype technique

Answer 11

1. culture
2. harvest
3. analyze

Question 12

karyotype- culture

Answer 12

1. sample collection
2. culture in growth medium
3. incubate for 3 days