WEEk 2 -Frameworks for Practice & Recap of Microskills Flashcards
How to be a good host
- Find ways to greet each person so they feel like they are
special - Find ways to put people from different backgrounds at ease
- Facilitate conversations between guests
- Work hard to create a certain mood – theme, music,
environment - Keep an active eye on the emotional environment
- Do not take center stage, instead work unobtrusively to create environment where people feel free to enjoy themselves
What is a framework?
A coherent statement of the ideas principles and beliefs that guide our action in counselling practice
A tool to assist our reflection and to ensure that what we do in therapy matches our stated theoretical, and philosophical positions.
A tool to assist coherence and ethical integrity in Counselling Practice.
A statement that supports us to articulate to both ourselves and others what we are doing in therapy and why?
Why do we need a framework?
- Professional identity – the possession of a core set of values, beliefs and assumptions about the unique characteristics of one’s selected profession that differentiates it from other professions (Weinrach, Thomas & Chan, 2001)
- Each counsellor while embracing the values of their profession will also develop a professional identity through a process of integrating a ‘theoretical orientation and methodology that is consistent with the counsellor’s personal beliefs and values (Moore-Pruitt, 1994).
- Many other professions, professional identity is defined by the profession universally fixed and congruent across all members- those entering that profession are simply taught and enculturated into that identity
- Counsellors on the other hand are responsible for developing own identity
- Some will align with a single theoretical model – others will adopt an integrative approach and will draw on different models to inform their practice
What are values
-Idea that every decision we make is underpinned by what we value in life: every action and inaction.
-Our values shape everything we do; they underpin human agency, choice and autonomy.
-Values are inescapable and inherent in our
behaviour and everyday decisions.
What is Epistemology
- Theory of knowledge – “knowing what we know” or ‘thinking about how we think’
- Invitation to position ourselves ina way of thinking – consistent & congruent, thoughtful & intentional
- No more flying by seats of pants
What is the modernist approach
- Counselling Theories seen as accurate reflections of human
experience - Problems that people face result from deficits or pathologies within themselves or their environments
- Counsellors can act as objective observers of the unconscious, mental structures or environmental contingences that represent clients’ personal deficits
- These can be broken down into categories of pathology that then have specific methods of remediation/interventions that are generalisable across populations
- Language is capable of accurately representing original
experiences – i.e., it is representative. - By attending to client’s language counsellors can gain an
accurate understanding if the experience their client is
attempting to convey - Positions therapist as expert & privileges therapist
knowledge’s both regarding the problem & its resolution .
What are the Modernist Assumptions
- Clients are able to accurately acknowledge what they are
experiencing - These experiences can be communicated to the counsellor through language.
- Through language, counsellors can gain an accurate
understanding of the experience their client is conveying - Counsellor can then draw on universal law of human
functioning (counselling theory) to impart a corrective or
healing intervention. - Clients, like all people have a relatively stable psychological core or personality. Changes to personal psychology will generalize to situations outside of counselling
What is post-modernist?
- Counselling Theories seen as socially constructed in particular time place and context.
- Problems that people face are understood as patterns of attention & meaning that are individually and social constructed.
- Hence change can be brought about by co-constructing new meanings, and attentional patterns via language and relationship.
- Language cannot accurately represent original experiences, instead it is understood to generate, shape and constrain experience. – i.e. it is performative .
- A Counsellor cannot achieve objectivity; hence any interpretation will be based in perceptual bias.
- Generally, the focus of therapy is on client capacity, resources and the generation of new meanings.
- Positions client as expert & privileges client’s local knowledge regarding the problem & its resolution.
What is a thheory
- Ideas rather than facts
- A system of inferences, assumptions, and
interpretations drawn from observationsand experiences. - Offers a lens or framework to guide our practice
- Helps us to know what we are doing,
why we are doing it and the influence or impact of our action - People, problem & change
- When was it created? What were the historical & social factors at play
Structuralism vs POs-structurilism
Structurlism:
The aim of enquiry is to search for ‘deep structures’ or ‘essential truths’ about people
Post-structurlism:
An effect of enquiry into structures is the development of certainnorms about what people’s lives should look like in order to be healthy
**review the other ones
What does the modernist perspective underpin?
psychodynamic
behaviorist and cognitive ideas (CBT)
humanistic and exstentalism
What is modernism in my own words
-Modernism is based on the idea that counseling theories is a way to make sense of people and problems.
-Modernist approach generalizes across people. (we make sense of something and generalize it to everyone)
- Theory will give us an accurate idea of what is happening to a person when they see us
- Modernism has the idea that people can accurately describe what is happening to them and then we can accurately understand what they are telling us about (their experience) and what it means to them. We then decide what the problem is and what is the best way to respond so that the problem can be resolved (counsellor is the expert)
- the problem is within the person (so then intervention is aimed at the person)
-There are normal categories of normal or abnormal. When someone moves away from whats normal then our job is to find that out and bring them back into the normal range
Postmodernism in my own words
-Post-modernism was a response to modernism and questioned the idea that there are universal truths or that things can be generalised to everyone
- Recognises the difference in people
-Theories are not generalized to everyone
- no universal truth - everyone sees things differently
- language cannot represent stories accurately
- people construct different meanings (brave vs naughty child example)
- language is performative (not just describing but instead it invites you to act in a certain way) Example - I promise to be there to listen to you invites the person to enter into something that changes my behavior
- collaborative approach to counseling (counselor is not expert in the client’s story) they are expert in the process.
What is structuralism?
