Week 2 - Eye movements Flashcards
What does a cover test show?
• Deviation in primary position gives clue to type of motility defect
• If no deviation on cover test, then likely motility normal
• Exception - Duanes retraction syndrome and Browns syndrome
What are the position terms used in ocular movements?
• Primary position - straight ahead
• Secondary - to right/left/up /down
• Tertiary - where there is torsion
Difference between rectus and obliques?
• Rectus are pullers
• Obliques are pushers
What are the terms used to describe muscle use?
• Agonist - muscle producing the movement
• Antagonist - movement in the direction opposite that produced by the agonist
• Contralateral Synergist - muscles that cause the two eyes to move in the same
i.e yolk muscles RMR and LLR
What are the terms used to describe monocular, binocular and vergence movements?
• Monocular Movements are DUCTIONS
• Conjugate Movements are VERSIONS
• Vergence Movements are DISCONJUGATE
i.e convergence and divergence
What does RADSIN stand for?
• RADSIN = recti adduct superior intort
What are all the muscle actions (1,2 and 3)?
• MR - 1: Add
• LR - 1: Abd
• SR - 1: Elev 2: Add 3: Intort
• IR - 1: Dep 2: Add 3: Extort
• SO - 1: Intort 2: Add 3: Abd
• IO - 1: Extort 2: Elev 3: Abd
What are the Jampolsky Gradings?
• Normal Versions 0
• Min U/action - 1. Max U/action - 4
• Min O/action +1. Max O/action + 4
• Restriction/limitation Can Be Hatched in
• Lines Emphasize A or V Patterns
• Curved Lines Show Updrift or Downdrift
What are the 6 measurements/method for measuring EOMs?
1) Basic Deviation
2) Prism Cover Test in 9 positions
3) Head Tilts
4) Near deviation
5) Versions and ductions
6) Characteristics of abnormal eye movements: updrifts, downdrifts, upshoots and downshoots, A and V patterns
Whats important to remember about head tilts and palsys?
• Will always tilt to the lower eye - as lower eye always needs to be brought up
• 4th nerve palsy’s will tilt to opposite side of palsy
