Week 2: Enabling Technologies

Question 1

What two states do computers represent data?

Answer 1

1 and 0

Question 2

How can you convert from some analogue representation to a digital one

Answer 2

by scanning an image

Question 3

What are problems with sampling?

Answer 3

how to determine the frequency used for transmission
no way of inferring from them the presence of the spike in between

Question 4

What is the sampling theorem?

Answer 4

if the highest frequency component of a signal is at fh, the signal can be properly reconstructed if it has been sampled at a frequency greater than 2fh.

Question 5

What are the hardware requirements for data produced related to?

Answer 5

Colours
graphics
different components

Question 6

what are two types of compression

Answer 6

lossy
lossless

Question 7

Give some examples of software requirement applications

Answer 7

image editing
painting and drawing programs for graphics
editors and layout programs for text
capture, editing and postproduction software for video
special packages for motion graphics and animation
recording
editing
effects programs for sound,
and music synthesizers and sequencers

Question 8

What is an authoring system?

Answer 8

Authoring systems have been devised to carry out the task within an organizational framework that permits the automation of much of the work that would otherwise require programming

Question 9

Why are network requirements important?

Answer 9

Networks, and the Internet in particular, offer valuable opportunities for distributing multimedia, but they also present formidable technical difficulties

Question 10

What is a realistic speed downstream

Answer 10

• Speeds between 34 kbps and 48 kbps

Question 11

What is the leading new method for access over existing copper telephone wires

Answer 11

ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line)

Question 12

What is the most popular form of online multimedia delivery?

Answer 12

World Wide Web

Question 13

What is the World Wide Web’s implementation an example of?

Answer 13

the client/server model

Question 14

How do web servers and clients communicate with each other?

Answer 14

Hypertext Transfer Protocol

Question 15

How does HTTP provides communication between Web servers and their clients?

Answer 15

A client first contacts a server, and then (usually) sends a request for a Web page

Question 16

What is MIME?

Answer 16

Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension is an extension to the Internet mail protocols that supports the inclusion of data other than plain ASCII text in mail messages

Question 17

What do standards define in Multimedia?

Answer 17

interfaces, file formats, markup languages, network protocols, and so on, in precise, and usually formal, terms

Question 18

What are the three organizations are involved in making international standards that are relevant to multimedia?

Answer 18

ISO, the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), and the ITU (International Telecommunication Union)

Question 19

Is the sampling rate of 44.1 kHz used for audio CDs adequate to reproduce musical sounds accurately?

Answer 19

(a) Yes
i. it allows for a maximum audio frequency of 22.05 kilohertz. The human ear can detect sounds from roughly 20 hertz to 20 kilohertz,