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Western Medical Term > Week 2 Deck > Flashcards

Week 2 Deck Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

External Respiration

A

Exchange of air in lung capillaries:
- Oxygen inhaled into the air sacs of the lungs
- Immediately passes into capillaries
- Carbon dioxide passes from capillaries into air
sacs, to be exhaled

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2
Q

Internal Respiration

A

Exchange of gases in the
cells:
- Occurs simultaneously between cells and
capillaries
- Oxygen passes out of the bloodstream into the
tissues
- Carbon dioxide passes out of tissues back into
the bloodstream to travel to the lungs

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3
Q

Mediastinum

A

Middle of chest where trachea
divides into two branches

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4
Q

Bronchi

A

Each leads to a separate lung

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5
Q

Lungs

A

Lobes are not mirror images

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6
Q

Hilum

A

Blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic tissue,
and bronchial tubes enter and exit

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7
Q

Adenoids

A

Lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx;
pharyngeal tonsils

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8
Q

Alveolus

A

Air sac in the lung

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9
Q

Apex of the lung

A

Tip or uppermost portion of the lung

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10
Q

Base of the lung

A

The lower portion of the lung

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11
Q

Bronchioles

A

The smallest branches of the bronchi

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12
Q

Bronchus (plural:
bronchi)

A

The branch of the trachea (windpipe) that is a
passageway into the lung; bronchial tube

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13
Q

carbon dioxide

A

Gas produced by body cells when oxygen and
carbon atoms from food combine; exhaled
through the lungs

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14
Q

cilia

A

Thin hairs attached to mucous membrane
epithelium lining the respiratory tract

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15
Q

diaphragm

A

Muscle separating the chest and abdomen;
contracts to pull air into lungs; relaxes to push
air out

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16
Q

epiglottis

A

Lid-like piece of cartilage that covers the
larynx; keeps food from entering the larynx
and trachea during swallowing

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17
Q

expiration

A

Breathing out (exhalation)

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18
Q

glottis

A

Slit-like opening to the larynx

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19
Q

hilum (of lung)

A

Midline region where the bronchi, blood
vessels, and nerves enter and exit the lungs

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20
Q

inspiration

A

Breathing in (inhalation)

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21
Q

larynx

A

Voice box; contains the vocal cords

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22
Q

lobe

A

Division of a lung

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23
Q

mediastinum

A

The region between lungs in the chest cavity;
contains the trachea, heart, lymph nodes,
aorta, esophagus, and bronchial tubes

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24
Q

nares

A

Openings through the nose carrying air into
the nasal cavities

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25
Q

oxygen (O2)

A

Gas that makes up 21% of air; passes into the
bloodstream at the lungs and travels to all
body cells

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26
Q

palatine tonsil

A

One of a pair of almond-shaped masses of
lymphatic tissue in the oropharynx

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27
Q

paranasal sinus

A

One of the air cavities in the bones near the
nose

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28
Q

parietal pleura

A

Outer fold of pleura lying closer to the ribs and
chest wall

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29
Q

pharynx

A

The throat; including the nasopharynx,
oropharynx, and laryngopharynx

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30
Q

pleura

A

Double-folded membrane surrounding each
lung

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31
Q

pleural cavity

A

Space between the folds of the pleura

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32
Q

pulmonary parenchyma

A

Essential parts of the lung, responsible for
respiration; bronchioles and alveoli

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33
Q

respiration

A

The process of moving air into and out of the
lungs; breathing

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34
Q

trachea

A

Windpipe

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35
Q

visceral pleura

A

Inner fold of pleura lying closer to the lung
tissue

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36
Q

nas/o

A

nose

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37
Q

orth/o

A

straight, upright

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38
Q

ox/o

A

oxygen

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39
Q

pector/o

A

chest

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40
Q

pharyng/o

A

pharynx, throat

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41
Q

phon/o

A

voice

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42
Q

phren/o

A

diaphragm

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43
Q

pleur/o

A

pleura

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44
Q

pneum/o

A

air, lung

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45
Q

pneumon/o

A

lung

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46
Q

pulmon/o

A

lung

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47
Q

rhin/o

A

nose

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48
Q

sinus/o

A

sinus cavity

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49
Q

spir/o

A

breathing

50
Q

tel/o

A

complete

51
Q

thorac/o

A

chest

52
Q

tonsill/o

A

tonsils

53
Q

trache/o

A

trachea, windpipe

54
Q

-ema

A

condition

55
Q

-osmia

A

smell

56
Q

-pnea

A

breathing

57
Q

-ptysis

A

spitting

58
Q

-sphyxia

A

pulse

59
Q

-thorax

A

pleural cavity, chest

60
Q

Auscultation

A
61
Q

Percussion

A
62
Q

Pleural rub

A
63
Q

Rales (crackles)

A
64
Q

Rhonchi (singular
rhonchus)

A
65
Q

Sputum

A
66
Q

Stridor

A
67
Q

Wheezes

A
68
Q

Croup

A

Upper respiratory disorder

69
Q

Diphtheria

A

Upper respiratory disorder

70
Q

Epistaxis

A

Upper respiratory disorder

71
Q

Pertussis

A

Upper respiratory disorder

72
Q

Asthma

A

Bronchial tube disorders

73
Q

Bronchiectasis

A

Bronchial tube disorders

74
Q

Chronic Bronchitis

A

Bronchial tube disorders

75
Q

Cystic fibrosis

A

Bronchial tube disorders

76
Q

Atelectasis

A

Lung disorder

77
Q

Emphysema

A

Lung disorder

78
Q

Pulmonary edema

A

Lung disorder

79
Q

Pulmonary embolism (PE)

A

Lung disorder

80
Q

Pulmonary Fibrosis

A

Lung disorder

81
Q

Lung cancer

A

Lung disorder

82
Q

Pneumoconiosis

A

Lung disorder

83
Q

Pneumonia

A

Lung disorder

84
Q

Sarcoidosis

A

Lung disorder

85
Q

Tuberculosis (TB)

A

Lung disorder

86
Q

Pneumonia

A

Lung disorder

87
Q

Pulmonary abscess

A

Lung disorder

88
Q

Atelectasis

A
  1. Proximal obstruction of
    distal airways
  2. Accumulations of fluid,
    blood, or air in the pleural
    cavity
89
Q

Mesothelioma

A

Pleural disorders

90
Q

Pleural effusion

A

Pleural disorders

91
Q

Pleurisy (pleuritis)

A

Pleural disorders

92
Q

Pneumothorax

A

Pleural disorders. Air gathers in the pleural cavity

93
Q

Anthracosis

A

Respiratory disease

94
Q

Asbestosis

A

Respiratory disease

95
Q

Bacilli

A

Respiratory disease

96
Q

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

A

Respiratory diseas

97
Q

Cor pulmonale

A

Respiratory diseas

98
Q

Exudate

A

Respiratory diseas

99
Q

Hydrothorax

A

Respiratory diseas

100
Q

Infiltrate

A

Respiratory diseas

101
Q

Palliative

A

Respiratory diseas

102
Q

Paroxysmal

A

Respiratory diseas

103
Q

Pulmonary infarction

A

Respiratory disease

104
Q

Purulent

A

Respiratory diseas

105
Q

Silicosis

A

Respiratory diseas

106
Q

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

A

Magnetic waves create images

107
Q

X-rays, radiographic imaging

A
108
Q

Nuclear tests. Positron emission tomography (PET) scan of the
lung

A

Conditions it may diagnose: Brain tumor ·
Alzheimer’s disease · Coronary artery disease · Heart
failure · Cancer and more

109
Q

Ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan

A

inhalation of radioactive gas for imaging, followed by injection
of different radioactive material for imaging,
examines airflow (ventilation) and blood flow
(perfusion) in the lungs. The word ‘Q’ is used to
describe blood flow in physiology.

110
Q

Bronchoscopy

A

a fiberoptic or rigid endoscope inserted
into the bronchial tubes for diagnosis, biopsy, or
collection of secretions

111
Q

Endotracheal intubation

A

placement of tube from
mouth to trachea to
establish airway

112
Q

Laryngoscopy

A

Clinical procedure

113
Q

Lung biopsy

A

Clinical procedure

114
Q

Mediastinoscopy

A

Clinical procedure

115
Q

Pulmonary function tests (PFTs)

A

Clinical procedure

116
Q

Thoracentesis

A

Clinical procedure. surgical puncture to
remove fluid from pleural space

117
Q

Thoracotomy

A

Clinical procedure

118
Q

Thorascopy

A

Clinical procedure

119
Q

Tracheostomy

A

Clinical procedure. surgical creation of
an opening into the trachea through the neck

120
Q

Tuberculin test

A

Clinical procedure

121
Q

Tube thoracostomy

A

Clinical procedure

Western Medical Term (7 decks)

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