Week 2: Consonants

Question 1

What do teachers need to know?

Answer 1

Sound System: Segmentals and Suprasegmentals
L1 Awareness: Differences in Sound Systems; Potential problems
Pedagogy: Teaching what and when to teach

Question 2

Segmentals

Answer 2

Vowels, Consonants

Question 3

Suprasegmentals

Answer 3

Stress and rhythm, Assimilation and Linking, Prominence and Intonation

Question 4

Phonemes

Answer 4

Sounds differences that distinguish words ex: kit,hit,sit

Question 5

Allophones

Answer 5

Sound differences that do not result in meaning change: aspirations

Question 6

Voicing

Answer 6

Vocal cord vibrations

Question 7

Place of Articulation

Answer 7

Where the sound is made

Question 8

Manner of Articulation

Answer 8

How the airflow is affected

Question 9

Voicing: Voiced

Answer 9

The larynx vibrates /zzz/

Question 10

Voicing: Unvoiced

Answer 10

The larynx does not vibrate /sss/

Question 11

Places of Articulation

Answer 11

Oral cavity, Nasal passageway

Question 12

Main Articulators

Answer 12

Movable ex: upper lip, blade of tongue, root of tongue

Question 13

Other Articulators

Answer 13

Jaw, Uvula, Velum, Vocal Cords

Question 14

Point of Articulation

Answer 14

Upper lip, teeth, roof of mouth, alveolar ridge, hard palette, soft palette (velum)

Question 15

Bilabial

Answer 15

Both Lips /p/,/b/,/m/

Question 16

Labiodental

Answer 16

Upper teeth on bottom lip /f/,/v/

Question 17

Dental (interdental)

Answer 17

Tongue between teeth (th sound)

Question 18

Alveolar

Answer 18

(tongue tip on tooth ridge) /t/,/d/,/n/,/L/,/s/,/z/, /r/

Question 19

Palatal

Answer 19

(Tongue blade or body/hard palette) ex: show, beige, chow, Jim, Rake, Yes, You

Question 20

Velar

Answer 20

(Tongue body/Soft palate) /k/, /g/, /ng/

Question 21

Glottal

Answer 21

(air passing through the vocal cords/constricted at the larynx) /h/,/uh-uh/, /coTTon/

Question 22

Manner of Articulation: Stop/Plosives

Answer 22

Lips (Bilabial) /p/,/b/; Tooth Ridge (aveolar) /t/, /d/; Soft Palate (velar) /k/, /g/ Ex: Too, Teak, Tin

Question 23

Manner of Articulation: Fricatives (Partial Obstructions)

Answer 23

Lower lip/upper teeth (labiodental) /f/, /v/; Teeth (interdental), Tooth ridge (alveolar), Hard palate (alveopalatal) ex: Shoe, Shin

Question 24

Manner of Articulation (Affricates)

Answer 24

Combination of stop and fricative; hard palate (aveopalatal) ex: Chew, Cheek

Question 25

Manner of Articulation: Nasals

Answer 25

(Through the nose) Bilabial /m/, Tooth Ridge /n/, Soft Palate /ng/

Question 26

Manner of Articulation: Approximants

Answer 26

(Air stream is fluid) /L/, /R/, /w/, /y/