Week 2 Acid Base And Shock Flashcards
Acids have what
Degree of concentration of H+ ions in a solution
Higher the concentration of free H+ ions the more acidic
And some acidic substances readily real ease H+ ions
The symbol used to indicate H+ ion concentration is
Ph
Bases have what
Have lower concentration of H+ ions
Bases will take away or bind will H+ ions from a solution decreasing acidity
What is the main buffer system
Carbonic acid/ bicarbonate system In the renal tubular fluid
Others are ammonia phosphate
Substances: protein hemoglobin
Is a gas that forms carbonic acid when combined with water
Carbon dioxide
The body maintain acid base balance by
Respiratory control of carbon dioxide
Buffers
Renal regulation of bicarbonate
Hyperventations release what to decrease the risk of what
Co2
Acidosis
Carbonic acid breaks into what
H20 & Co2
Through exhalation , slow shallow breaths increase extra cellular fluid activity
S/S of acid base balance
Anxiety confusion seizure SOB
COPD pts have what kind of levels and what is it due to ?
+co levels and normal ph that is due to renal compensation
Hyperventilation cause respiratory?
Alkalosis
With metabolic the body retains to much what or loses what
H+
Bicarbonate ions
Metabolic acidosis leads to what because lungs try to compensate by getting rid of what therefore decreasing what and increasing what
Hyperventilation
CO2
PaCO2
ph
What is the definition of shock
A syndrome characterized by inadequate tissue perfusion resulting in impaired cellular metabolism
Hypovolemia shock occurs when
Blood volume has decreased resulting in decreased o2 and nutrients to tissue
Dehydration, 3rd spacing
What are the 3 caused disorders of distributive shock
Anaphylaxis ,septic, neurogenic
Anaphylaxis shock is a and does what
Severe allergic reaction
Leads to airway obstruction
Septic shock is a and caused by
Systemic inflammatory response to sepsis caused by bacterial infections eschericha coli, staph
Neurogenic shock is caused
After to the head or spinal cord resulting disruption to nerve resulting in vasodilation
Obstructive shock is and caused by
Interference of circulation of blood In/out of the heart caused by cardiac tamponade , tension Pneumothorax
The actual heart muscle is unhealthy
Associated w/ CHF MI
What are the stages of shock
Compensation.
Decompensation
Irreversible
What is disruptive shock
Increase blood dilation , fluid pools in dependent areas , increase capillary permeability
Compensation stage
B/p (initiating stimulus) increase HR TPR
Renin angiotensin activation
Decompensation stage
Unresolved process
Failure of compensatory mechanism
Hypoxia decrease myocardial contractibility permeability capillary
Irreversible stage
Decrease co
Irreversible tissue n organ damage
Death
