Week 2 Flashcards
1
Q
Influence of writing systems
A
- Alphabetic writing generally learned early in life
- commonly relies on MODEL which can conceptually MERGE SOUND + GRAPHEME
- sounding out: ‘/k/-/æ/-/t/ spells cat.’
- spelling out: ‘c-a-t spells cat.’
‘The first letter is /k/.’
‘The first letter is c.’
Writing systems can interfere w/ phonetic awareness bc:
- letters/characters are not sounds
- sounds are not letters/characters
(how many sounds in THROUGH? how many letters?)
2
Q
Phonetics
A
Phonetics is the study of the physical properties of speech
- ARTICULATION (action of body to prod. speech sound)
- ACOUSTIC properties of sound wave in air
- AUDITORY properties perceived by hearers
3
Q
4 major parameters in Production of CONSONANTS
A
- AIRSTREAM MECHANISM (What makes the airstream? Which way is the air going?)
- ACTION OF VOCAL FOLDS (GLOTTIS) (Are vocal folds held open? or opening & closing rapidly?)
- PLACE OF ARTICULATION
(Where is the main constriction in the airflow?) - MANNER OF ARTICULATION (What’s happening with the major constriction to the airflow? how affected?)
4
Q
phonetic transcription
A
representing speech sounds in writing, ideally
using. ..
- standard symbol to rep each sound
- each symbol = shorthand for phonetic description of the sound
5
Q
orthography
A
standard system of written representation of a language
BUT NOT NECESSARILY DIRECT REPRESENTATION OF SPEECH SOUNDS