Week 2 Flashcards
What is codominance?
The full effect of both alleles can be seen in the phenotype of the heterozygote
What is a biochemical pathway?
Shows the different mutant strains and the supplements in the order from which all strains are blocked to all being active
Define incomplete dominance
Heterozygote is a blended colour
Define codominance
The effect of each allele can be seen in the heterozygote
Define prototroph
An organism that can grow on minimal media
Define auxitroph
An organism that requires a supplement to grow on minimal media
What is a reciprocal cross?
A second cross between a male of phenotype a and a female of phenotype b as well as a male of phenotype b and a female of phenotype a to determine sex or autosomal linkage
What is a metabolic pathway?
Chemical reactions in cells that occur in a step by step sequence
What is a metabolic block?
A block in metabolic pathway that prevents the natural production of an enzyme from occurring
What is a phenocopy?
A copy of an inherited condition that occurs from an environmental cause
E.g meromelia- limblessness, a phenocopy of this inherited disease occurs from taking thalidomide during pregnancy
What is pleitropy?
A single gene may affect many features of a phenotype
What is variable expression
Degree/ range in which a particular phenotype is expressed by individuals
E.g mild, moderate and severe
What is reduced penetrance?
The proportion of genotypes that show the expected phenotype
What is a lethal allele genotype mutation?
An allele genotype or mutation that results in death( may be lethal at different stages of development)
Recessive Lethal: death in homozygous state
Dominant lethal: death in homozygous and heterozygous state
What is a Karyotype?
Sorted chromosome sets