Week 2

Question 1

All Beta-Lactam antimicrobials have…

Answer 1

All have a Beta-Lactam ring

Question 2

What are 3 examples of penicillin?

Answer 2

-Ampicillin -Amoxicillin -Ticarcillin

Question 3

You can only give IV, no PO.

Answer 3

Carbapenems (imipenem)

Question 4

What is beta-Lactam’s mechanism of action?

Answer 4

-inhibit peptidoglycan synthesis -induces autolysis

Question 5

Some beta-Lactam’s are effective against both ________ & _________.

Answer 5

Gram + & gram -

Question 6

How are Beta-Lactam’s excreted?

Answer 6

Kidneys

Question 7

Beta-Lactam’s killing:

Answer 7

TIME DEPENDENT

Question 8

Don’t mix aminoglycoside with ________ in the same syringe.

Answer 8

Penicillin

Question 9

What type of immune response can you get from penicillin?

Answer 9

Anaphylactic rxn / Type 1 hypersentivitity

Question 10

What are last resort antimicrobials for S. aureus & Enterococcus?

Answer 10

Glycopeptidies (vancomycin, daptomycin)

Question 11

What is normally a contaminate in gram positive staying?

Answer 11

Micrococcus

Question 12

Staphylococcus is facultative anaerobic, but what kind of culture would you choose?

Answer 12

Aerobic culture

Question 13

Staphylococcus is a normal inhabitant of the ______ & _______ _______.

Answer 13

Skin & mucous membranes

Question 14

What type of coagulase positive staphylococcus bacteria will you see 99% of the time in a K9 patient?

Answer 14

S. pseudintermedius

Question 15

What is coagulase?

Answer 15

Enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin

Question 16

Suppurative conditions:

Answer 16

Lots of “pus” so there is a lot of neutrophils

Question 17

Chronic persistent relapsing infections:

Answer 17

Pyogranulomatous

Question 18

Pyogranulomatous:

Answer 18

“pus” (neutrophils) & macrophage filled

Question 19

What are the 3 toxin mediated diseases (also are super antigens!)?

Answer 19

-Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome (TSST-1) -Staphylococcal food poisoning (enterotoxin) -Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (exfoliative toxins)

Question 20

Most common diseases in dogs caused my staphylococcal infection?

Answer 20

Bacterial folliculitis & furunculosis

Question 21

S. pseudintermedius:

Answer 21

The most common isolate in dogs

Question 22

TRUE or FALSE: Dogs skin is very thin.

Answer 22

TRUE

Question 23

What is an issue with using PCR as a diagnostic tool?

Answer 23

Contamination

Question 24

There are not many Gram Negative (-) cocci, but if we see some the patient is usually a _________.

Answer 24

Horse

Question 25

Answer 25

Greasy Pig Disease: Educative epidermitis

Question 26

S. hyicus causes…

Answer 26

Greasy Pig Disease

Question 27

Answer 27

Per-acute mastitis / gangrenous mastitis

Question 28

S. aureus causes __________ in cattle.

Answer 28

Mastitis

Question 29

Answer 29

Ulcerative pododermatitis, S. aureus

Question 30

What does S. aureus cause in birds?

Answer 30

Bumble foot

Question 31

Botryomycosis occurs in:

Answer 31

-Rodents -Humans -Horses

Question 32

What is the first line of treatment choice for Staphylococcal infections?

Answer 32

1st generation Cephalosporin (Cephalexin)

Question 33

If a staphylococcus isolate is macrolide/erythromycin resistant, what else is probably resistant to the isolate?

Answer 33

Clindamycin

Question 34

If you want to see if the isolate is also resistant against clindamycin, you should request a…

Answer 34

D-test

Question 35

Beta-lactamase - mediated resistance is…

Answer 35

common

Question 36

___________ resistance is becoming problematic. (MRSA & MRSP)

Answer 36

Methicillin

Question 37

Pulse field gel electrophoresis can be used for…

Answer 37

Determining whether staphylococcus sp. isolate from the owner and pet are the same

Question 38

What is the best TX for mature staphylococcal abscess?

Answer 38

-open it -clean it -don’t always need antimicrobials