Week 2

Question 1

What are the characteristics of spoken English (with reading) ?

Answer 1

1. Listening vr reading
   - receptive
   - listening take place over time (spontaneous performance)
   -reading take place over place(pages, sign, back of envelopes)
2. Segmentation of words- recognizing words boundaries.
3. Listening involves pronunciation(omitted words, linked words)

Question 2

Why listening is difficult?

Answer 2

1. Message
2. Delivery
3. Listener
4. Environment

Question 3

Talk more about message ?

Answer 3

1. Irregular spelling system
2. Slips of the ear
3. Linguistic characteristics
   # complex grammatical characteristics
   # lexical density
   #unknown words
4. Non linguistic characteristics
   #cultural accessibility
   #familiarity with the topic
   # text type

Question 4

Tm delivery?

Answer 4

1. reciprocal:
   interactive< repair strategy _ clarification
2. non- reciprocal; \
   the listener has no opportunity to contribute a dialogue- television or radio

Question 5

listener

Answer 5

1. age
2. familiarity
3. factorw:
   sickness
   boredom
   tiredness
   anxiety.

Question 6

environment;

Answer 6

1. tempreture
2. background noise
3. defective equipment

Question 7

give me examples of discource markers:

Answer 7

actually anyway kind of sort of you know i mean. hmm aha but olse never the less

Question 8

appoach to develop listening skills?

Answer 8

1. bottom up : decoding of the smallest units
   phonemes, syllables
2. top down approach: schemata using the background knowledge to predict content.