Week 2

Question 1

track-weighted imaging

TWI

Answer 1

Based on detection of how water diffuses along the length of nerve fibers. Image shows nerve tracts determined by this technique (Calamante, 2013).

Question 2

Voxels

Answer 2

fMRI - brain activity is recorded in voxels, which are small, cube-shaped areas of the brain about 2 or 3 mm on a side

Question 3

the fusiform face area (FFA)

Answer 3

is in the fusiform gyrus on the underside of the temporal lobe (Kanwisher et al., 1997), is the same part of the brain that is damaged in cases of prosopagnosia

Question 4

parahippocampal place area (PPA)

Answer 4

perceiving pictures representing indoor and outdoor scenes like those shown activates it

Question 5

distributed representation

Answer 5

Cognitions, be they perceptions from looking at something, or processes such as remembering or thinking, activate numerous, sometimes widely separated, areas of the brain

Question 6

Neural networks

Answer 6

interconnected areas of the brain that can communicate with each other

Question 7

Structural Connectivity

Answer 7

Structural connectivity is the brain’s “wiring diagram” created by nerve axons that connect different brain areas.

Question 8

Functional Connectivity

Answer 8

One method of determining whether the responding of two areas is correlated is based on resting-state fMRI—the fMRI response measured while a person is at rest (that is, not performing a cognitive task). The procedure for measuring resting-state functional connectivity was introduced by Bharat Biswal and coworkers (1995).

It is important to note that saying two areas are functionally connected does not necessarily mean that they directly communicate by neural pathways.

Question 9

Six Common Functional Networks Determined by Resting-State fMRI

Answer 9