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Phonetics > Week 2 > Flashcards

Week 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a vowel?

A

-The core of a syllable

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2
Q

A _________ is produced with an open, unobstructed oral cavity; air passes freely through the vocal tract.

A

Vowel

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3
Q

Where is the sound source of vowels?

A

Glottis

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4
Q

What are the vocal folds doing when producing a vowel?

A

Vibrating

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5
Q

Most famous phonetician

A

Peter Ladefoged

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6
Q

when there is no distinct boundaries between one vowel and another

A

Vowel Articulation

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7
Q
  1. Height
  2. Backness
  3. Rounding
  4. Tense/Lax
A

4 Vowel Dimensions

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8
Q

Where is the tongue in vowel production?

A
  1. Height

2. Backness

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9
Q

Rounded/unrounded

A

What are the lips doing?

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10
Q

Refers to how high the tongue is in the oral cavity.

A

Height

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11
Q

Refers to where the main constriction is.

A

Backness

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12
Q

Where is constriction in the front vowels?

A

Near the Palate

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13
Q

Where is constriction in the back vowels?

A

Near the velum/soft palate

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14
Q

How is height defined?

A
  • Plus or minus high

- Plus or minus low

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15
Q

How is backness defined?

A

Plus or minus back

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16
Q

All front vowels are ___________.

A

Round

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17
Q

What is the vowel sounding like?

A

Vowel quality

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18
Q

Can occur in both open and closed syllables.

A

Tense Vowels

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19
Q

no consonant at the end

A

Open Syllables

20
Q

can only occur in closed syllables

A

Lax Vowels

21
Q

End in a consonant

A

Closed Syllables

22
Q
  • High front unrounded tense vowel
  • Produced by tongue body raised near the hard palate
  • Considered one of the point vowels
A

/i/ (eeeeeee)

23
Q
  • Corner vowel

- Occupies a corner of the vowel quadrilateral

A

Point Vowel

24
Q

What sound does /i/ make?

A

(eeeeeee)

25
Q
  • High front unrounded lax vowel
  • Produced by tongue body slightly lower than /i/
  • Referred to as small cap I
A

/I/ (ihhh)

26
Q

What sound does I make?

A

(ihhhhhh)

27
Q
  • Mid front unrounded tense vowel
  • Tongue body lower than for [i] and [I]
  • Other possible transcriptions [e], [ei], [ej]
A

[e] (aaaa)

28
Q

When stressed which vowel of [e] do we use?

A

[ei]

29
Q

When unstressed which vowel of [e] do we use?

A

[e]

30
Q
  • Mid front unrounded lax vowel
  • Tongue body slightly lower than for [e]
  • Referred to as epsilon
  • Generally transcribed before “r” in worlds like “hair” “air”
A

[ɛ] (ehhhhhhh)

31
Q

What sound does [e] make?

A

(aaaaaa)

32
Q

What sound does [ɛ} make?

A

(eeeehhhh)

33
Q
  • Low front unrounded lax vowel
  • One of the point vowels
  • Referred to as ash
  • Before velar nasal “ng” some dialects have considerable raising to something closer to [e]
  • In some dialects this vowel is used before “r” when it is intervocalic as in “Harry,” “Marry”
A

[æ]

34
Q
  • High back rounded tense vowel
  • One of the point vowels
  • Often occurs in combination with the glide /j/, making a sound combination “you” as in “beauty” and “cute”
A

[u] (ooooo)

35
Q

What sound does [æ] make?

A

(a)

36
Q

What sound does [u] make?

A

(oooooo)

37
Q
  • High back rounded lax vowel
  • Tongue slightly lower than for (u)
  • Referred to as upsilon
A

[ʊ] (uhhhhh)

38
Q
  • (High)-mid back rounded tense vowel

- Tongue body lower than for [u] and [ʊ]

A

[o], [oʊ] (ohh)

39
Q

What sound does [ʊ] make?

A

(uhhhhh)

40
Q
  • Common in transcription to use open-o before r

- Varies by dialect

A

[ɔ] (aww)

41
Q

What sound does [ɔ] make?

A

(awww)

42
Q
  • Low back unrounded vowel

- One of the point vowels

A

[a] (ahh)

43
Q

What sound does [a] make?

A

(ahhhh)

44
Q
  1. Front
  2. Mid
  3. Low
A

Height

45
Q
  1. Front

2. Back

A

Backness

46
Q

Height for front vowels

A
  1. [i]
  2. [I]
  3. [ɛ]
  4. [æ]
47
Q

Height for back vowels

A
  1. [u]
  2. [ʊ]
  3. [a]

Phonetics (2 decks)

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