Week 15: Personality Disorders Flashcards
personality
: individual differences in characteristic patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving
criteria for a general personality disorder
A: A culturally deviant, long lasting pattern of inner experience and behaviour that shows itself within at least 2 of (cognition, affectivity, interpersonal thinking, impulse control)
B: the pattern is inflexible and extensive
C: the pattern leads to clin. significant distress or social impairment
D: pattern is stable and can be traced back to early adulthood or teens
E: pattern not better explained by a mental disorder
F: pattern not attributable to a substance or medical condition
word for a person not having insight
ego syntonic
- ppl with personality disorders often font have insight into the disorder being different than who the person is
what are the personality clusters
Cluster A: paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal
Cluster B: anti-social, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic
Cluster C: avoidant, dependent, obsessive-compulsive
what is paranoid personality disorder
- Suspicious of others
- Expect to be mistreated or exploited by others
- Reluctant to confide in others
- Tend to blame others can be extremely jealous
- continuous dimension than a discrete category
- Comorbid with schizotypal, avoidant, and paranoid personality disorders
what is schizoid personality disorder
- No desire for or enjoyment of social relationships
- Appear dull, bland, and aloof
- Rarely report strong emotions
- Have no interest in sex
- indifferent to praise and criticism
- Loners with solitary interests
- Have few or no friends
- Social anxiety component
what is schizotypal personality disorder
- Similar interpersonal difficulties (social detachment and restricted affect) of schizoid personality
-Key schizotypal feature is eccentric thinking
Odd beliefs or magical thinking - Recurrent illusions
- Odd speech
- Ideas of reference: misinterpreting events as having personal meaning
- Suspiciousness
- Eccentric behaviour and appearance
- Chronically timid
- Social anxiety
- Comorbid with borderline, avoidance, paranoid
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD)
- Impulsivity and instability in relationships, mood, and self-image
- Attitudes and feelings toward others vary dramatically
- Emotions are erratic and can shift abruptly
- Argumentative, irritable, sarcastic, quick to take offence, ect.
- Feel chronically empty (what many tell therapists)
- Comorbid with mood disorder, substance abuse, PTSD, eating disorders, and Cluster A personality disorders
Histrionic Personality Disorder
- Overly dramatic and attention-seeking
- Uses physical appearance to draw attention
- Display emotion extravagantly
- Self-centered
- Overly concerned with their attractiveness
- Inappropriately sexually provocative and seductive
- Speech may be impressionistic and lacking in detail (talk a lot but don’t really say much or have much content)
- Comorbid with depression and BPD
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
- Grandiose view of own uniqueness and abilities
- Preoccupied with fantasies of great success
- Require almost constant attention and excessive admiration
- Lack empathy
- Envious of others
- Arrogant, exploitive, entitled
Comorbid with BPD
The Dark Triad:
The Dark Triad of Narcissism (Paulhus and Williams)
The dark triad consists of the combination of narcissism, psychopathy, and Machiavellianism
Addition dimension added: sadism
Antisocial Personality Disorder
- Conduct disorder present before the age of 15 - (MAIN COMPONENT 1)
- Running away from home
- Theft
- Arson
- Pattern of anti-social behaviour continues into adulthood (MAIN COMPONENT 2)
- Irresponsible and anti-social behaviour
- Work only inconsistently
- Break laws
- Physically aggressive
- Comorbid with substance abuse
Avoidant Personality Disorder
- Fearful in social situations
- Sensitive to possibility of criticism, rejection or disapproval
- Reluctant to enter relationships unless sure will be liked
- General pattern of avoidance
- Differentiates with dependence: avoidant with great difficulty approaching and initiating social relationships
- Comorbid with dependent personality disorder, depression, and social anxiety disorder
Dependent Personality Disorder
- Lack self-reliance
- Overly dependent on others
- Intense need to be taken care of
- Uncomfortable when alone
- Subordinate own needs
- Comorbid with bipolar disorder, depression, anxiety disorders, and bulimia
Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder
- Perfectionistic approach to life
- Preoccupied with details, rules, schedules
- Serious, rigid, formal, and inflexible
- Unable to discard worn out and useless objects
- Comorbid with OCD 20%
