Week 13: Complementary and alternative therapies Flashcards
an inappropriate patient for progressive relaxation
if your pt. has accute psychotic symptoms
CAM
Complementary and Alternative Medicine
- Healing approaches focus on the whole person- biopsychosocial and spiritual care
- Alternative medicine (outside traditional western medicine approaches)
- Combination alternative therapies ( mixing of traditional with non-traditional)
- Complementary or integrative medicine (combined with traditional therapies)
Most usually treated problems with alternative medicine are?
- anxiety and depression
- pain
Safety with CAM
- Combination of herbal preparations and conventional medications
- Lack of quality control (not managed by the FDA)
- Unfounded claims about safety and effectiveness
- Public view as safe and harmless
National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM)
- Whole medical systems
- Mind-body interventions
- Biologically based therapies
- Manipulative and body-based methods
- Energy therapies
whole medical systems
Evolved independently of conventional medical approach
- _Traditional Oriental medicine: _oldest, accupunture, massage, herbal approaches
- Ayurveda: 3,000 years old based in asian/indian culture. Used extensively in Indian medical system. Disease approach uses herbs and preparatinos. Be careful bc some are actually toxic. Universal interconnectedness. Body systems are organized (like greek system).
- Homeopathy: Treat a like problem with a like substance (like allergy shots). Treat milk allergy with a tiny amount of milk protein progressively in a pill until they tolerate it.
- Naturopathy: Based on principles that are similar to primary care medicines. “Do no harm” by avoiding harmful side effects of any substance. Used physician as a teacher. Treats whole person. Concentrated on prevention, healing power of nature, and causes of a disease or condition rather than symptoms. Ex: nutrition counseling, use of vitamins and minerals, other supplements and herbal medicines
Mind-Body Interventions are and include?
Techniques facilitate mind’s capacity to affect body function and symptoms
- Meditation
- Hypnosis
- Prayer
- Art
- Music
- Dance
Biologically Based Therapies
Naturally based products, some overlap with conventional medicine’s use of dietary supplements
- Herbal
- Dietary exclusions and additions
- Aromatherapy
ex: macrobiotics
Body Based Methods
Based on manipulation and/or body movement
- Chiropractic
- Massage
- Reflexology
- Yoga
- Tai Chi
- Qigong
- Movement Therapies
Energy Therapies
Focused on biofields or electromagnetic fields
- Therapeutic Touch
- Electromagnets
most common complemetary approaches in adults
- Natural Products
- Deep Breathing
- Meditation
CAM Assumptions
- Need for maintenance of balance within biopsychosocial and spiritual systems
- Individual is an open system exchanging energy with the environment to maintain balance
- Illness = energy imbalance
- Adaptation is synonymous with health
Ethics
- Credentials and expertise of practitioner
- Communication between CAM and traditional health care providers
- Nurses need to inquire about premorbid or comorbid use
- Nonjudgmental approach
Drug Interactions
- Ginkgo biloba interacts with warfarin or aspirin
- St. John’s Wort lowers blood levels of protease inhibitors (HIV drugs).
- Herbal products metabolized by same cytochrome enzyme system as psychotropics may increase or decrease therapeutic drug levels of psychotropics
Patient Safety Concerns
- Masking signs and symptoms
- Delay of effective treatment
- Harmful interactions
- Purity and potency unregulated
- www.fda.gov
