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KN 232 > Week 12 - Muscles of the Forearm and Hand > Flashcards

Week 12 - Muscles of the Forearm and Hand Flashcards

1
Q

What are the muscles of the superficial layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A
  • Pronator teres
  • Flexor carpi radialis
  • Palmaris longus
  • Flexor carpi ulnaris
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2
Q

What are the actions of the pronator teres?

A
  • Flexes forearm
  • Pronates forearm
  • Rotates the radius across the anterior surface of the ulna to pronate the forearm
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3
Q

What is the innervation of the pronator teres?

A

Median nerve (C6-C7)

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4
Q

What is the origin of the pronator teres?

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus

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5
Q

What is the insertion of the pronator teres?

A

Midshaft of radius

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6
Q

What are the actions of the flexor carpi radialis?

A
  • Flexes forearm
  • Flexes wrist
  • Wrist and hand abduction
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7
Q

What is the innervation of the flexor carpi radialis?

A

Median nerve

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8
Q

What is the origin of the flexor carpi radialis?

A

Medial epicondyle of the humerus

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9
Q

What is the insertion of the flexor carpi radialis?

A
  • Base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals
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10
Q

What are the actions of the palmaris longus?

A
  • Flexes forearm
  • Weak wrist flexion
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11
Q

What is the innervation of the palmaris longus?

A

Median nerve (C6-C7)

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12
Q

What is the origin of the palmaris longus?

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus

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13
Q

What is the insertion of the palmaris longus?

A

Palmar aponeurosis (triangular-shaped sheet of fibrous tissue located in the palm of the hand)

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14
Q

What are the actions of the flexor carpi ulnaris?

A
  • Flexes the forearm
  • Flexes the wrist/hand
  • Adducts the wrist/hand
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15
Q

What is the innervation of the flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

Ulnar nerve (C8-T1)

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16
Q

What is the origin of the flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

Medial epicondyle of the humerus

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17
Q

What is the insertion of the flexor carpi ulnaris?

A
  • Base of the 5th metacarpal
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18
Q

What muscle is in the intermediate layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A
  • Flexor digitorum superficialis
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19
Q

What are the actions of the flexor digitorum superficialis?

A
  • Flexes middle interphalangeal joints
  • Flexes forearm
  • Flexes wrist
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20
Q

What is the innervation of the flexor digitorum superficialis?

A

Median nerve (C6-C7)

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21
Q

What is the origin point of the flexor digitorum superficialis?

A
  • Medial epicondyle of humerus
  • Coronoid process of ulna
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22
Q

What is the insertion of the flexor digitorum superficialis?

A
  • Middle phalanges of digits 2-5
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23
Q

What muscles form the deep layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A
  • Flexor pollicis longus
  • Flexor digitorum profundus
  • Pronator quadratus
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24
Q

What are the actions of the flexor pollicis longus?

A
  • Flexes distal phalanx of thumb
  • Weakly flex wrist
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25
Q

What is the innervation of the flexor pollicis longus?

A

Median nerve (C6-C7)

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26
Q

What is the origin point of the flexor pollicis longus?

A

Anterior shaft of radius

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27
Q

What is the insertion of the flexor pollicis longus?

A

Distal phalanx of digit 1

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28
Q

What are the actions of the flexor digitorum profundus?

A
  • Flexes distal interphalangeal joints
  • Flexes wrist
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29
Q

What is the innervation of the flexor digitorum profundus?

A

Lateral half –> 1/2 median nerve (C6-C8)
Median half –> 1/2 ulnar nerve (C8)

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30
Q

What is the origin of the flexor digitorum profundus?

A
  • Medial/anterior ulna
  • Interosseous membrane
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31
Q

What is the insertion of the flexor digitorum profundus?

A

Distal phalanges of digits 2-5

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32
Q

What is the action of the pronator quadtatus?

A
  • Pronates forearm
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33
Q

What is the innervation of the pronator quadratus?

A

Median nerve (C8-T1)

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34
Q

What is the origin of the pronator quadratus?

A

Distal 1/4 of ulna

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35
Q

What is the insertion of the pronator quatratus?

A

Distal 1/4 of radius

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36
Q

What are the 7 muscles that form the superficial layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm

A
  • Brachioradialis
  • Extensor carpi radialis longus
  • Extensor carpi radialis brevis
  • Extensor digitorum
  • Extensor digiti minimi
  • Extensor carpi ulnaris
  • Anconeus
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37
Q

What are the actions of the brachioradialis?

A
  • Flexes forearm
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38
Q

What is the origin point for the brachioradialis?

A
  • Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
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39
Q

What is the insertion point of the brachioradialis

A

Radial styloid process

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40
Q

What is the innervation of the brachioradialis?

A

Radial nerve

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41
Q

What are the actions of the extensor carpi radialis longus?

A
  • Extends wrist
  • Abducts wrist/hand
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42
Q

What is the innervation of the extensor carpi radialis longus?

A

Radial nerve

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43
Q

What is the origin of the extensor carpi radialis longus

A
  • Lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus
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44
Q

What is the insertion of the extensor carpi radialis longus?

A

Base of 2nd metacarpal

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45
Q

What are the actions of the extensor carpi radialis brevis

A
  • Extends wrist
  • Abducts wrist
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46
Q

What is the innervation of the extensor carpi radialis bevis?

A

Radial nerve

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47
Q

What is the origin of the extensor carpi radialis brevis?

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

48
Q

What is the insertion of the extensor carpi radialis brevis?

A

Base of 3rd metacarpal

49
Q

What are the actions of the extensor digitorum?

A
  • Extends digits 2-5
  • Extends wrist
50
Q

What is the innervation of the extensor digitorum

A

Radial nerve

51
Q

What is the origin of the extensor digitorum?

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

52
Q

What is the insertion of the extensor digitorum?

A

Middle and distal phalanges of fingers 2-5

53
Q

What is the action of the extensor digiti minimi?

A
  • Extends little finger (finger 5)
54
Q

What is the innervation of the extensor digiti minimi?

A

The radial nerve

55
Q

What is the origin of the extensor digiti minimi?

A

The lateral epicondyle of the humerus

56
Q

What is the insertion of the extensor digiti minimi?

A
  • Proximal and distal phalanx of finger 5
57
Q

What are the actions of the extensor carpi ulnaris?

A
  • Extends wrist
  • Adducts wrist/hand
58
Q

What is the innervation of the extensor carpi ulnaris?

A

Radial nerve

59
Q

What is the origin of the extensor carpi ulnaris?

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

60
Q

What is the insertion of the extensor carpi ulnaris?

A

Base of 5th metacarpal

61
Q

What are the actions of the anconeus

A
  • Extends the forearm weakly
62
Q

What is the innervation of the anconeus?

A

Radial nerve

63
Q

What is the origin of the anconeus?

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

64
Q

What is the insertion of the anconeus

A

Olecrannon process of the ulna

65
Q

What are the muscles of the deep layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm (arranged lateral to medial)

A
  • Supinator
  • Abductor pollicis longus
  • Extensor pollicis brevis
  • Extensor pollicis longus
  • Extensor indicis
66
Q

What is the action of the supinator?

A

Supinates forearm

67
Q

What is the innervation of the supinator?

A

Radial nerve

68
Q

What is the origin of the supinator?

A
  • Lateral epicondyle of humerus
  • Ulna (area distal to radial notch)
69
Q

What is the insertion of the supinator?

A

Anterolateral surface of radius

70
Q

What are the actions of the abductor pollicis longus?

A
  • Abducts thumb
  • Extends thumb and weakly wrist
71
Q

What is the innervation of the abductor pollicis longus?

A

Radial nerve

72
Q

What is the origin of the abductor pollicis longus?

A
  • Proximal dorsal surfaces of radius and ulna
  • Interosseous membrane
73
Q

What is the insertion of the abductor pollicis longus?

A
  • Lateral edge of metacarpal 1 (thumb)
74
Q

What are the actions of the extensor pollicis brevis?

A
  • Extends thumb and weakly wrist
75
Q

What is the innervation of the extensor pollicis brevis?

A

Radial nerve

76
Q

What is the origin of the extensor pollicis brevis?

A
  • Posterior surface of the radius
  • Interosseous membrane
77
Q

What is the insertion of the extensor pollicis brevis?

A

Proximal phalanx of the thumb

78
Q

What are the actions of the extensor pollicis longus?

A
  • Extends thumb and weakly wrist
79
Q

What is the innervation of the extensor pollicis longus?

A

Radial nerve

80
Q

What is the origin of the extensor pollicis longus?

A
  • Posterior surface of ulna
  • Interosseous membrane
81
Q

What is the insertion of the extensor pollicis longus?

A
  • Distal phalanx of thumb
82
Q

What are the actions of the extensor indicis?

A
  • Extends index finger (pointer finger)
83
Q

What is the innervation of the extensor indicis

A

Radial nerve

84
Q

What is the origin of the extensor indicis?

A
  • Posterior surface of the ulna
  • Interossous membrane
85
Q

What is the insertion of the extensor indicis?

A
  • Tendon of the extensor digitorum
  • Middle and distal parts of 2nd phalanx
86
Q

What are the muscles of the hand? (two groups and one other muscle)

A
  • Thenar eminence (muscles in ball of thumb)
  • Hypothenar eminence (muscles in ball of little finger)
  • Adductor pollicis
87
Q

What are the muscles of the hypothenar eminence group?

A
  • Flexor digiti minimi brevis
  • Abductor digiti minimi
  • Opponens digiti minimi (deep to the other two)
88
Q

What are the muscles of the thenar eminence group?

A
  • Flexor pollicis brevis
  • Abductor pollicis brevis
  • Opponens pollicis (deep to the other two)
89
Q

What is the action of the flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A

Flexes finger 5 (pinky)

90
Q

What is the origin of the flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A
  • Hamate bone (carpal bone)
  • Flexor retinaculum
91
Q

What is the insertion of the flexor digiti minimi?

A

Proximal phalanx of finger 5

92
Q

What is the innervation of the flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A

Ulnar nerve

93
Q

What is the action of the abductor digiti minimi?

A

Abducts finger 5

94
Q

What is the origin of the abductor digiti minimi?

A
  • Pisform bone
  • Tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris
95
Q

What is the insertion of the abductor digiti minimi?

A
  • Proximal phalanx of finger 5
96
Q

What is the innervation of the abductor digiti minimi?

A

Ulnar nerve

97
Q

What is the action of the opponens digiti minimi?

A

Opposition of finger 5

98
Q

What is the origin of the opponens digiti minimi

A
  • Hamate bone
  • Flexor retinaculum
99
Q

What is the insertion of the opponens digiti minimi?

A

Metacarpal bone 5

100
Q

What is the innervation of the opponens digiti minimi?

A

Ulnar nerve

101
Q

What is the action of the flexor pollicis brevis?

A

Flexes thumb

102
Q

What is the origin of the flexor pollicis brevis?

A
  • Flexor retinaculum
  • Trapezium
103
Q

What is the insertion of the flexor pollicis brevis?

A

Proximal phalanx of thumb

104
Q

What is the innervation of the flexor pollicis brevis?

A

Median nerve

105
Q

What is the action of the abductor pollicis brevis?

A

Abducts thumb

106
Q

What is the origin of the abductor pollicis brevis?

A
  • Flexor retinaculum
  • Scaphoid
  • Trapezium
107
Q

What is the insertion of the abductor pollicis brevis?

A

Lateral side of proximal phalanx of thumb

108
Q

What is the innervation of the abductor pollicis brevis?

A

Median nerve

109
Q

What is the action of the opponens pollicis brevis?

A

Opposition of thumb

110
Q

What is the origin of the opponens pollicis?

A
  • Flexor retinaculum
  • Trapezium
111
Q

What is the insertion of the opponens pollicis?

A
  • Lateral side of metacarpal 1
112
Q

What is the innervation of the opponens pollicis?

A

Median nerve

113
Q

What is the action of the adductor pollicis?

A

Adducts thumb

114
Q

What is the origin of the adductor pollicis?

A

Metacarpal 3

115
Q

What is the insertion of the adductor pollicis?

A

Medial side of proximal phalanx of thumb

116
Q

What is the innervation of the adductor pollicis?

A

Ulnar nerve

KN 232 (3 decks)

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