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Quality Control > Week #12 > Flashcards

Week #12 Flashcards

1
Q

What type of technology do most fluoroscopy systems use?

A

Television technology

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2
Q

What is fluoroscopy primarily used for?

A

Dynamic studies that require evaluation of functional anatomy

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3
Q

What technical factors are used for fluoroscopy?

A

Low mA (0.0-5mA) and high kvp

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4
Q

What distinguishes fluoroscopy from radiology?

A

Image intensifier
Several thousand times more sensitive than a standard screen film combination

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5
Q

A complex device that receives the image forming xray beam and converts it into visible light image

A

Image intensifier

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6
Q

What potential difference is maintained in the image intensifier?

A

About 25,000 V is maintained across the tube between photocathode and anode so that electrons will be accelerated to the anode

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7
Q

What are the 4 principal components of the image intensifier?

A

-vacuum enclosure
-input layer
-electronic lenses
-output layer

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8
Q

Converts xray signals to electrons

A

Input layer

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9
Q

Focuses the electrons

A

Electronic lenses

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10
Q

Converts the accelerated electrons into visible light

A

Output layer

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11
Q

Absorbs xray photons, converts their energy into visible light

A

Input layer

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12
Q

What is the input later made of?

A

Cesium iodide (csl)

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13
Q

Takes xray photons and converts them to light

A

Input phosphor

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14
Q

Thin metal layer that converts input phosphor light into electrons
(Called photo emission)

A

Photocathode

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15
Q

Consists of electrostatic lenses that “intensify” and focus the stream of e-

A

Image intensifier

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16
Q

Shape the electric field - focusing the electrons onto the output phosphor

A

Electrostatic focusing lenses

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17
Q

Consists of:
Anode
Output phosphor
Output window

A

Output layer

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18
Q

A thin circular aluminum plate with a hole in the middle through which electrons pass to the output phosphor

A

Anode

19
Q

What material is the output phosphor made of?

A

Zinc cadmium

20
Q

What is the output phosphor capable of resolving?

A

Approximately 4-6 lp/mm

21
Q

T/F
Each photoelectron that arrives at the output phosphor produces 50-75 times as many light photons as were necessary to create it

A

True

22
Q

The last section of the II
Part of the vacuum bottle made to be transparent to light
*this is where light photons come out

A

Output window

23
Q

Size varies from 10-40cm

A

Input phosphor

24
Q

Size is fairly standard at 2.5 or 5 cm

A

Output phosphor

25
Q

What is determined by the physical size of the II?

A

Field of view

26
Q

What might larger II’s be used for?

A

Gastrointestinal/genitourinary work

27
Q

What might smaller II’s be used for?
(23cm)

A

Cardiac imaging

28
Q

As magnification is increased:

A

A smaller area of the II is visualized
**Spatial resolution is improved

29
Q

A reduction in brightness at the periphery of the image

A

Vignetting

30
Q

The collimator adjusts to narrow the xray beam to a smaller field of view when what mode is engaged?

A

Magnification mode

31
Q

Magnification mode results in:

A

Better spatial resolution
Better contrast resolution
Higher patient radiation dose

32
Q

T/F
In order to minimize patient dose, the MRT should use as little magnification as possible

A

True

33
Q

A function of the fluoroscopic unit that maintains overall appearance of the fluoroscopic image by automatically adjusting kvp, mA or both

A

Automatic brightness control

34
Q

Decreases image noise, increases contrast resolution

A

Automatic brightness control

35
Q

II tubes serve as the fluoroscopic image receptor
II tubes are electronically coupled to a tv monitor for remote viewing

A

Conventional fluoroscopy

36
Q

Computer has been added, as have multiple monitors and the ability to remotely control the imaging system

A

Digital fluoroscopy

37
Q

What are the differences between conventional vs digital fluoroscopy?

A

-addition of a computer
-multiple monitors
-more complex operating console

38
Q

What are 2 advantages of digital fluoro?

A

-speed of image acquisition
-post processing to enhance image contrast

39
Q

At least how many monitors are used in digital fluoro?

A

2

40
Q

Done by regulating the cray exposure rate incident on the input phosphor of the II

A

Automatic brightness control

41
Q

What are some methods to minimize radiation dose during fluoro?

A

-5 minute alarm timer
-use of pulsed/low dose mode
-use of last image hold
-minimal use of magnification feature

42
Q

Enables the last live image to be shown after the operator removes their foot from the pedal/exposure switch

A

Last frame (image) hold

43
Q

T/F
Fluoroscopic imaging sequences are not typically recorded

A

True
Frames from live imaging are saved as single images

44
Q

What are the 2 monitors used for in digital fluoro?

A

-one is used to enter/edit patient data and adjust exam parameters
-the other monitor displays image acquisition and editing tools

Quality Control (9 decks)

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