Week 12 Flashcards
What is aging in place?
aging in the place of the individual’s choice
(Autonomy, support, substitution)
List aspects of moving in space
adaptability, social interactions, function to fun
List the life space levels
0: bedroom
1: home
2: outside house
3: neighborhood
4: town
5: unlimited
What are some community resources to aid the geriatric population?
adult day care
Faith community
Recreation/senior center
Meals on wheels
How can alert systems help the geriatric population?
It decreases the time to be found by someone if they are injured and/or unable to call for help
List examples of living environments
1) Home:
Family/community support
Paid caregiving
2) Facility:
Independent living (apartment)
Assisted living
Long term care (nursing home)
List examples of acute and post acute medical environments
1) acute:
Intensive care unit
Intermediate care unit
Acute care unit
2) post acute:
Long term acute care
Inpatient rehabilitation facility
Skilled nursing facility
What are reasons for transition into long term care (LTC)?
cognitive decline
Incontinence
Falls
Financial coverage:
Non skilled, not covered by Medicare
Medicaid (majority)
Out of pocket (private pay)
LTC insurance
List some strategies to use when communicating with older individuals with hearing loss
Face patient; make eye contact
Say the person’s name before beginning a conversation
Talk clearly, at a normal pace, when in front of the patient Slightly project voice, as in speaking to a group Incorporate visual aids
Change hearing aid batteries on a regular schedule (~2-week intervals)
Avoid chewing gum or covering mouth when speaking, to allow the individual to use visual cues Do not speak into the person’s ear
Eliminate background noise or visual distractions
Use rephrasing if repeating isn’t effective
When giving specific directions (such as an appointment), write it down
Minimize side conversations
Describe presbycusis (sensorineural)
damage to cochlea or 8th cranial nerve
High pitched consonants (s, t, f, g) unintelligible with background noise
Amplification limited benefit
Describe conductive hearing impairment
damage to external/middle ear
Impairment across sound frequencies
Amplification benefit
Give examples for visual accommodations
1) Visual field:
Lower height for directional and informational signs
2) Acuity:
Visual aids (glasses, contact lenses); magnifiers; large-print books and devices; large-print computer software
3) Illumination:
UV-absorbing lenses; increased task illumination; gooseneck lamps; 200- to 300-watt light bulbs
4) Glare:
Lamp shades, curtains, or blinds to soften light, cove lighting to conceal light source, indirect lighting to bounce off ceiling before redirecting into the room; nonglare wax on vinyl floors; carpeting; wallpaper or flat paints; avoid shiny materials such as glass or plastic furniture and metal fixtures
5) Dark adaptation:
Nightlights with red bulbs; pocket flashlights; automatic light timers; light switches at point of entry to a room; lights under
stairs and cabinets
6) Color:
Bright, warm colors (reds, oranges, yellows); avoid pastel hues; avoid monotones
7) Contrast:
Bright detail on dark backgrounds (white lettering/black background); warm colors to highlight handrails, steps; place mats or table coverings that contrast with plates, floor
8) Depth perception:
Avoid patterned floor surfaces; toilet seat and counter surfaces in bathrooms should contrast to floor
Give examples for hearing accommodations
Hearing aids; pocket amplifiers; increasing bass and turning down treble on radios, televisions; smoke alarms, telephones, and doorbells with visual cues such as flashing lights; insulating acoustic materials to minimize background noise.
Acoustically absorbent window sheers help with glare but also now have acoustical noise reduction properties
Give examples for taste and smell accommodations
1) Taste:
Color to increase perceived flavor intensity; use of spices, herbs, and flavorings to enhance foods; feel for bulges in canned goods to detect spoilage; check date stored of frozen foods
2) Smell:
Adapt smoke detectors with loud buzzers; safety-spring caps for gas jets on stoves; vent kitchens in institutions to allow residents to experience cooking aromas; place flowers in living areas
Give examples for touch accommodations
1) Tactile sensitivity:
Introduce texture into the environment through wall hangings, carpet, textured upholstery; use soft blankets and textured
clothing
2) Thermal sensitivity:
Avoid temperature extremes from air conditioning, hot bathwater, heating pads
