Week 11: Person Centred Therapy

Question 1

Describe humanistic psychology and who coined this therapy

Answer 1

The client is the expert on themselves.

Client not patient

Developed by Carl Rogers

Question 2

What are the 3 underlying assumptions of person-centred therapy

H
E
P

Answer 2

1. Humanism - each individual has the potential for growth and development
2. Existentialism - humans possess free will
3. Phenomenology - reality is constructed through our own individual experience

Question 3

What are the 5 ascending levels of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Answer 3

1. physiological needs
2. safety and security
3. love and belonging
4. self-esteem
5. self-actualisation

Question 4

Describe the actualising tendency

Answer 4

• innate drive for growth and autonomy
• motivational construct
• movement towards realisation of full potential

Question 5

Describe self-actualisation

Answer 5

• movement from control by external forces towards autonomy
• individual drawn to what enhances full potential
• all behaviour energised by drive to self-actualise

Question 6

What are the 4 therapeutic goals of Person Centred Therapy

Answer 6

1. Focus on person not problems
2. increase independence and integration (congruence)
3. Cope better with future problems
4. Becoming a fully functioning person (self-actualised)

Question 7

What are the three core conditions of PCT

Answer 7

1. Accurate empathic understanding
2. Congruence
3. Unconditional positive regard

Question 8

Describe Gestalt therapy and name the theorists

Answer 8

Gestalt - An organised whole that is more than the sum of its parts.

holistic view of personality, focus on present situation, process focused

Question 9

What is Gestalt therapy view of human nature

Answer 9

holistic
Capacity to grow and develop
Capacity to self-regulate - IF FULLY AWARE
Change occurs when we become aware of who we are

Question 10

Describe Figure Formation

Answer 10

Describes how an individual organises environment on an ongoing basis

Figure = focus of attention

Question 11

What are the 5 layers of ‘personality as peeling an onion’

Answer 11

1. The phony - reacting in stereotypical ways
2. The phobic - resistance to accepting self
3. The impasse - stuck in maturation
4. The implosive - exposing defences
5. The explosive - let go of roles and pretences, release energy tied in pretending

Question 12

What are the three factors of psychological disturbance in PCT

Answer 12

1. loss of flexibility to make contact with the environment
2. lack of integration/equilibrium between self and the environment
3. Disruption in organismic self-regulation

Question 13

Describe the paradoxical process of change

Answer 13

When we accept what we are, we are open to possibility for change
When we focus on what we should be, no change can occur

Question 14

What is the therapists role in PCT?

Answer 14

Encourages focus on the present time - bring the past into the present by re-enacting
Focus on the ‘what’ and ‘how’ not the ‘why’
Pay attention to clients language and body language - tapping foot etc.

Question 15

Describe Emotion Focused Therapy

Answer 15

Based on the idea that emotions are the key to who we are
Theory posits that we construct our very selves based on emotion

Emotion focused therapy recognises the importance of emotions and places them front and centre in therapy sessions

Question 16

Describe emotionally focused therapy and who is used for

Answer 16

Attachment based model
Integrates experiential and systemic interventions within an attachment orientation
Used with couples, families and individuals

Question 17

What are the 5 essential EFT Tango moves

RPP
EPDE
SUE
PE
IVRP

Answer 17

1. Reflect present process
2. Explore primary/deeper emotions
3. Set up enactments
4. process the enactments
5. integrate, validate and reflect process

Question 18

What are the 6 principles of Emotion Focused Therapy by Les Greenburg

Answer 18

1. Awareness
2. Expression
3. Regulation
4. Reflection
5. Changing of emotion
6. Corrective process