Week 10: Psychodynamic Therapy Flashcards
Who were the pioneers of talk therapy?
Freud and Breuer
List the four categories of Freud’s view of human nature
- Pessimistic
- Deterministic
- Innate instinctual urges
- Unconscious motivations
List Freud’s 6 key theories
- Indistinct theory
- Topographic model
- Structural model
- Defence mechanisms
- Psychosexual development
- Therapy process and techniques
Describe instinct theory
All instincts are innate and biological
pleasure principle; humans driven by the desire to obtain pleasure and avoid pain
Explain Freud’s Topographic model of personality
Three levels of consciousness - conscious, preconscious, unconscious
Free association used to access unconscious feelings
Describe Freud’s structural model ‘The iceberg’
personality consists of three systems:
id - biological component
ego - psychological component
superego - social component
psychological problems are caused by conflict between the three systems
Describe the id
need for gratification inability to toleration tension or frustration driven by the pleasure principle unconscious is a primary process
Describe the ego
Regulates personality
Reality principle: realistic thinking and planning
is a secondary process
Describe the superego
Moral or judicial branch of personality
idealistic and moralistic
Main concern is whether an action is good or bad, right or wrong
Describe Freud’s theory of inner conflict
Anxiety develops out of conflict between the id, ego and superego
Expression = symptoms (e.g., vomiting, hysteria, mourning)
Anxiety is a motivating state of tension
What are Freud’s 3 identified kinds of anxiety
- neurotic
- moral
- realistic
Describe Freud’s ego-defence mechanisms and list three examples
Unacceptable wishes which prevent from entering conscious awareness by the ego
help cope with anxiety, deny or distort reality, prevent overwhelming feelings
operate at an unconscious level
3 of: Repression Denial Reaction formation projection Displacement rationlisation sublimation regression identification
What do childhood events such as attachment, trauma and loss influence?
personality development
current relationships
emotional vulnerabilities
What are Freud’s 5 psychosexual stages and the ages
- oral stage - first year of life
- anal stage - 1-3 years
- phallic stage - 3-6 years
- latency stage - 7-12 years
- genital stage - adolescent upwards
What are Eriksons 8 stages of lifelong development?
- T V M
- A v S
- I v G
- I v I
- I v RC
- I v I
- G v S
- EI v D
- Trust V Mistrust
- Autonomy v Shame
- Initiative v Guilt
- Industry v Inferiority
- Identity v Role Confusion
- Intimacy v Isolation
- Generativity v Stagnation
- Ego Integrity v Despair
What is Freud’s therapy process for symptom removal
free associations & dreams –> recovery of forgotten material –> awareness & interpretation of forgotten material –> symptom removal
What are the four categories of the therapeutic process?
- Therapeutic goals
- Therapists function and role
- Client’s experience
- Relationship between therapist and client
What are the 7 processes of Freud?
F PT I DA AIR T CT
- Free association
- projective tests
- interpretation
- dream analysis
- analysis and interpretation of resistance
- transference
- counter transference
What are the three major theoretical developments of psychodynamic counselling
- Ego psychology (Anna Freud)
- jungian psychology
- object relations (Melanie Klein)
Describe termination in psychodynamic therapy
The way a client deals with ending is a reflection of previous separations.
May form core process.
What are Freud’s 3 contributions to psychodynamic therapy
- importance of past experiences
- understanding of resistance
- understanding of transference
