Week 1.1 - Grand tour of Alimentary Canal

Question 1

What are the 2 main parts of the digestive system?

Answer 1

Alimentary canal and accessory organs

Question 2

What is the GI tract?

Answer 2

external series of hollow organs from mouth, oesophagus, stomach, SI, LI, anus

Question 3

What are the accessory organs of the digestive system?

Answer 3

solid organs of the digestive system.
salivary glands, liver, pancreas, gallbladder

Question 4

What are the main functions of the digestive system?

Answer 4

digestion, absorption, secretion and motility

Question 5

What is digestion? Where does it occur?

Answer 5

breaking our food into simple substances our body can absorb. occurs in stomach

Question 6

What is digestive absorption?

Answer 6

passage of end products of digestion from GI tract into blood and lymphatic vessels

Question 7

By which mechanism does absorption occur?

Answer 7

only by diffusion or active transport

Question 8

Where do absorption and secretion occur?

Answer 8

small intestine

Question 9

What is secretion?

Answer 9

discharge of substances by cells, glands or organs for a organs function, or for excretion

Question 10

What is excretion?

Answer 10

when secretion happens to the outside of the body - urine formation or sweating

Question 11

What is the process of looking into the GI tract?

Answer 11

endoscopy - upper is mouth and lower is anus

Question 12

What is the function of the liver?

Answer 12

filter for all components in blood. directs to organs to be used or detoxifies as waste

Question 13

What is the name of the process of movement in the GI tract?

Answer 13

peristalsis - occurs without external innervation

Question 14

What are the 3 salivary glands in the mouth? Their purpose?

Answer 14

parotid, sublingual and submandibular

used to lubricate food

Question 15

What is saliva useful for?

Answer 15

contains amylase to break down complex carbs like starch

Question 16

What occurs in the stomach?

Answer 16

proteins are digested and food is broken into semi-liquid form chyme which can enter small intestine

Question 17

What is the pancreas used for?

Answer 17

has many digestive enzymes for digesting carbs, fats and proteins.
secretes pancreatic juice to small intestine to aid digestion

Question 18

What occurs in the liver to aid digestion?

Answer 18

bile salts synthesised. help digestion and absorption of fats in small intestine

Question 19

What do bile salts act as?

Answer 19

detergent

Question 20

What is the purpose of the gallbladder?

Answer 20

comes off liver and stores concentrated bile.

Question 21

Why is it important that the gallbladder stores concentrated bile?

Answer 21

less bile needed for high effectiveness. if its not concentrated, more is needed and individual would have to watch fat intake

Question 22

What is chemical digestion vs mechanical digestion?

Answer 22

digestion by means of enzymes. not mechanical - contractions in hollow organs to move and break down food

Question 23

What occurs in the small intestine?

Answer 23

final stages of chemical digestion and nutrient absorption

Question 24

What occurs in the large intestine?

Answer 24

water absorption and bacterial fermentation