Week 11 - Disorders and Therapies Flashcards
What are the three criteria used to define “abnormal behavior” in psychology?
Deviant (statistically infrequent), maladaptive (interfering with daily functioning), and causing personal distress to the individual and those around them.
What is the purpose of the DSM in psychology?
To diagnose maladjusted behavior by providing standardized criteria for mental disorders.
Name two types of diversity-related disorders included in the DSM-5 appendix.
Koro, Amok, and other culture-bound syndromes.
Describe two ways in which labelling someone with a mental health diagnosis can be beneficial.
Labelling can be beneficial by providing access to appropriate treatment and support and by reducing self-stigma through understanding and normalizing the experience.
What distinguishes Generalized Anxiety Disorder from Panic Disorder and phobic disorders?
Generalized Anxiety Disorder involves excessive worry with no specific focus, while phobic disorders are tied to specific objects or situations and Panic Disorder is characterized by sudden episodes of intense fear (panic attacks) accompanied by physical symptoms.
What are the three systems involved in anxiety?
Physical, cognitive, and behavioral systems.
What are obsessions and compulsions in OCD?
Obsessions are repetitive unwanted thoughts; compulsions are actions to reduce the anxiety caused by obsessions.
List three symptoms of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD).
Changes in appetite or sleep patterns, anhedonia, and feelings of worthlessness.
What are the two phases of Bipolar Disorder?
The manic phase involves heightened energy, euphoria, impulsivity, and decreased need for sleep. The depressed phase is characterized by sadness, hopelessness, loss of energy, and changes in sleep and appetite.
List three warning signs that someone might be considering suicide.
Warning signs of suicide include verbalizing hopelessness or a desire to die, giving away possessions, and engaging in risky or self-destructive behaviour.ness.
Explain the difference between positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia, providing an example of each.
Positive symptoms involve the presence of unusual thoughts or behaviours, such as hallucinations or delusions. Negative symptoms involve the absence of typical emotions or behaviours, such as flat affect or social withdrawal.
What is the most common type of hallucination in schizophrenia?
Auditory hallucinations.
What are the three clusters of personality disorders according to the DSM?
The three clusters of personality disorders are odd/eccentric, dramatic/impulsive, and anxious.
What does CBT stand for, and what does it focus on?
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy; focuses on altering distorted thoughts and behaviors.
What are the three components of the ABC Model in CBT?
The ABC Model in CBT stands for Activating event (the trigger), Belief (thoughts about the event), and Consequence (emotional and behavioural responses).
