Week 11

Question 1

Define (in term of statistics) population

Answer 1

All the individual items that could be studied

Question 2

Define (in term of statistics) sample/subjects/units/cases

Answer 2

A selection of items from the population

Question 3

What are variables (sometimes fields)?

Answer 3

Differences between subjects that you may want to study

Observations made from this is called data

Question 4

Define data?

Answer 4

Fact and statistics collected together for reference and analysis

Question 5

What is the difference with quantitative and qualitative data?

Answer 5

Quantitative - Information possesses directly measurable (numerical) value

Qualitative - Information that is non numerical in nature, descriptive (sometimes converted into quantitative data)

Question 6

What are the two types of qualitative categorical data?

Answer 6

Nominal data (No ordering to categories)

Ordinal data (Has an ordering to the data) (No mathematical relationship)

Question 7

What are the two types of quantitative categorical data?

Answer 7

Discrete data (only takes certain values) (eg no half person)

Continuous data (can take any value within a given range) (eg foot length)

Question 8

What data types can continuous data be further classified into? (quantitative data)

Answer 8

Interval - Can take any value within a given range but a value of zero does not indicate absolute zero

Ratio: any variable within a range, (doesn’t need to be whole) but the zero must be a true zero

Question 9

Difference between descriptive and inferential statistics?

Answer 9

Descriptive: Statistics that describe data

Inferential statistics: Statistical methods that make ‘inferences’ about the population based on sample data

Question 10

What does nominal data provide?

Answer 10

‘Counts’ aka frequency of distribution

Mode

Question 11

What does ordinal data provide?

Answer 11

Order of values is known

Counts aka frequency of distribution

Mode

Median

Question 12

What does interval data provide?

Answer 12

order of values

Counts aka frequency of distribution

Mode, median, mean

Can quantify difference between each value

Can add or subtract values

Question 13

What does ratio data provide?

Answer 13

order of values is known

Counts aka frequency of distribution

Mode, median, mean

Can quantify difference between each value

Can add, subtract, multiply and divide values

Has ‘true zero’