Week 10A Flashcards
In early amniote skulls (anapsids), the temporal muscles run from the __________ to the _______________.
From the neurocranium to the lower jaw.
In synapsids, the temporal muscles are attached to the _________________.
Dermatocranium.
Define functional role.
Action or property of a part as it worked in an organism.
Define biological role.
How the part is used in the environment during the course of the organisms life history.
Define mosaic evolution.
Uneven rates at which parts of an organism undergoes evolutionary changes.
Define homology.
Organisms share a common ancestor.
Define analogy.
Organisms do not have a common ancestor but they have a common appearance due to the common functional demands.
Define homoplasy
No common ancestry and no common functional demands, despite common appearance.
Define pre-adaptation
The structure or behaviour possess the necessary form and function before the biological role arises that it eventually serves.
Name the five stages of pre-adaptation of flight.
1) leaping as a form of efficient movement/avoidance of predators.
2) parachuting
3) gliding
4) flailing
5) full flight
what is the comparative approach?
Using phylogenetic trees to test evolutionary hypotheses.
Why use the comparative approach for conservation?
1) identify general ecological principles underlying mechanisms that cause conservation problems
2) Provide a basis for prioritising conservation actions for further research
3) Predict which species will face conservation problems
