Week 10 Soft tissue and joint Flashcards
Trigger Finger
caused by finger flexor tenosynovitis which is caused by rheumatoid nodules near tendon or flexor tendon rupture
Flexor tendon swells and can’t pass through sheath. This makes it difficult to straighten your finger.
Treated with Corticosteroids, splints, and possibly surgery.
Boutonniere Deformity
hyperextension of DIP, flexion of PIP, and hyperextension of MCP
Swan Neck Deformity
- flexion of DIP joint and hyperextension of PIP joint caused by adhesions and shortening of finger extensor tendons and joint capsule
Sclerodactyly
thickening and tightness of skin of fingers and toes
Scleroderma?
is a long-lasting disease that affects your skin, connective tissue, and internal organs. It happens when your immune system causes your body to make too much of the protein collagen, an important part of your skin. As a result, your skin gets thick and tight, and scars can form on your lungs and kidneys
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)?
Chronic autoimmune inflammatory disorder. Progressive symmetric joint inflammation.
common in wrist ankle and foot.
What is JRA?
juvenile RA. Pain. While your child might not complain of joint pain, you may notice that he or she limps — especially first thing in the morning or after a nap.
Swelling. Joint swelling is common but is often first noticed in larger joints such as the knee.
Stiffness. You might notice that your child appears clumsier than usual, particularly in the morning or after naps.
Fever, swollen lymph nodes and rash. In some cases, high fever, swollen lymph nodes or a rash on the trunk may occur — which is usually worse in the evenings.
Ankylosing Spondylitis?
Ankylosing spondylitis is an inflammatory disease that, over time, can cause some of the small bones in your spine (vertebrae) to fuse. Men more likely
Symptoms: Early signs and symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis might include pain and stiffness in your lower back and hips, especially in the morning and after periods of inactivity. Neck pain and fatigue also are common. Over time, symptoms might worsen, improve or stop at irregular intervals.
Ankylosis, bamboo spine, sacroiliitis (begins w/inflammation and progresses up spine)
Psoriatic Arthritis
Psoriatic arthritis is a form of arthritis that affects some people who have psoriasis — a condition that features red patches of skin topped with silvery scales
Symptoms resemble RA
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE
Affects multiple organs
Etiology - unknown
S&S - Malar rash (butterfly rash), fatigue, weight loss or gain, alopecia, Raynaud’s phenomenon, arthritis-like symptoms
Prognosis – the greater the internal organ involvement, the worse the prognosis; exacerbations and remissions
Medical intervention – anti-inflammatory medications like corticosteroids and NSAIDS, avoidance of sunlight and ultraviolet light exposure
PT intervention – same as RA treatment, avoid exercise when patient is fatigued; increase endurance and aerobic act, ROM, stretching, strengthening, postural re-education; monitor BP and observe for signs of edema due to renal problems
MD?
Most common forms:
Duchenne’s MD (DMD)
Becker MD (BMD)
Etiololy – recessive, inherited, genetic disease ( X chromosome); Duchenne’s affects males and is more rapidly progressing than Becker’s
S&S – DMD - usually diagnosed between 2-6yo, BMD – diagnosed in late childhood or adolescence; progressive muscular weakness from proximal to distal and involves the respiratory muscles; may have mental retardation; scoliosis, increased respiratory infections
Prognosis – no cure;
Becker’s progresses slower, not as severe as DMD, and mainly affects the pelvis and shoulder girdle
most children with DMD do not survive more than 15-20 yrs from onset but is improving with research and technology
BMD is usually normal but may have heart issues that will decrease life span
Medical interventions – stem cell research is promising for treatment; surgery for severe scoliosis or spinal fusion; medications – anticonvulsants, immunosuppressants, antibiotics for respiratory infections
PT interventions – HEP, increase strength and function but do not tire the patient, recommendations for adaptive equipment and mobility, transfer training, positioning
